BACKGROUND Cognitive deficits associated with mood disorders, especially bipolar disorder, have been the focus of limited systematic investigation. METHODS We tested 35 bipolar (21 in depressed state and 14 in mixed or manic state) and 58 nonbipolar depressed consecutively admitted young adult inpatients and 51 matched healthy individuals on the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Bat...

OBJECTIVE An important question in pediatric bipolar research is whether marked nonepisodic irritability is a manifestation of bipolar disorder in youth. This study tests the hypothesis that youth with severe mood dysregulation (SMD), a category created for the purpose of studying children presenting with severe nonepisodic irritability, will be significantly less likely to develop (hypo-)manic...

Bipolar disorder is a phasic mental characterized by the presence of (hypo) maniac, depressive and/or mixedepisodes during course disease. A 70 year man, with no prior history episodes, began to suffera picture manic characteristics as an adolescent. Despite numerous drug treatments prescribed, there has beenno improvement, and followed torpid chronic course. Chronic unipolar mania clinical ent...

BACKGROUND Prior investigations of cross-informant agreement among parents, teachers, and clinicians about externalizing and internalizing problems have not directly addressed agreement about manic symptoms. METHODS We identified three groups from a large cohort of youths, aged 8-12 years, treated on an inpatient unit. All 108 participants met criteria for an externalizing disorder, based on ...

BACKGROUND: Sleep problems are highly prevalent among patients with bipolar disorder and have a substantial impact on the course of illness. METHOD: We conducted a series of literature searches using as key words or as items in indexed fields, bipolar disorder and sleep problems. Articles were obtained by searching MEDLINE from 1970 to 2012. In addition, we used other papers cited in articles f...

The current subtyping of depression is based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) categorical division of bipolar and depressive disorders. Current evidence, however, supports a dimensional approach to depression, as a continuum/spectrum of overlapping disorders, ranging from bipolar I depression to major depressive disorder. Types of d...

The diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder (BD) has been inconsistent and frequently misunderstood in recent years. To identify the causes of this problem and suggest possible solutions, we undertook a critical review of studies concerning the nosology of BD and the effects of antidepressant agents. Both the underdiagnosis of BD and its frequent misdiagnosis as unipolar major depressive di...

Mice with histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) deletion exhibit manic-like symptoms that evolve into depressive-like behavior in response to stressful paradigms. Molecular and electrophysiological studies have indicated that HINT1-/- mice exhibit increased PKC, PKA, and GSK3β activities, as well as glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)/α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isox...

OBJECTIVE Little is known about how often bipolar depressive episodes are accompanied by subsyndromal manic symptoms in bipolar I and II disorders. The authors sought to determine the frequency and clinical correlates of manic symptoms during episodes of bipolar depression. METHOD From among 4,107 enrollees in the National Institute of Mental Health's Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program ...