OBJECTIVE To explore the reasons why long-term weight loss is seldom achieved and to evaluate the consequences of various weight trajectories, including stability, loss, and gain. QUALITY OF EVIDENCE Studies evaluating population weight metrics were mainly observational. Level I evidence was available to evaluate the influence of weight interventions on mortality and quality of life. MAIN M...

Chemotherapy can cause cachexia, which is manifested by weight loss, inflammation and muscle atrophy. However, the mechanisms of tumor and chemotherapy on skeletal muscle proteolysis, remained unclear. In this report, we demonstrated that tumor-induced myostatin in turn induced TNF-α, thus activating calcium-dependent and proteasomal protein degradation. Chemotherapy activated myostatin-mediate...

This mini-review develops the hypothesis that increased hydration leads to body weight loss, mainly through a decrease in feeding, and a loss of fat, through increased lipolysis. The publications cited come from animal, mainly rodent, studies where manipulations of the central and/or the peripheral renin-angiotensin system lead to an increased drinking response and a decrease in body weight. Th...

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare, self-limiting disease of unknown aetiology presenting with cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, vomiting, weight loss, night sweats and chills. Familial occurrence of KFD is reported very rarely in literature. We report two cases from the same family presenting with KFD. The two non-twin sisters presented with symptoms of fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, we...

Achalasia is characterized by incomplete lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation and aperistalsis of the esophagus. It is manifested by regurgitation, dysphagia and weight loss. Treatment options include addition of pharmacotherapy, endoscopic dilatation, botulinum toxin injection (BTI) and surgical myotomy. The presence of esophageal varices makes endoscopic treatment difficult and therefo...

Among the factors influencing weight loss and maintenance, psychobehavioral, nutritional, metabolic, hormonal and hereditary predictors play an important role. Psychobehavioral factors influence adherence to lifestyle changes and thus weight loss maintenance. The outcome of short-term weight reduction treatment is mainly affected by changes in energy and nutrient intake and physical activity an...

Bariatric surgery in obese patients is a highly effective method of preventing or resolving type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, the remission rate is not the same among different surgical procedures. We compared the effects of 20% weight loss induced by laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery on the metabolic response to a mixed meal, insu...