This Federal Register notice sets forth the recently issued Compliance Program Guidance for Pharmaceutical Manufacturers developed by the Office of Inspector General (OIG). Through this notice, the OIG is setting forth its general views on the value and fundamental principles of compliance programs for pharmaceutical manufacturers and the specific elements that pharmaceutical manufacturers shou...

Past lead user research has provided strong empirical support for the claim that users tend to innovate independently. While innovation activity itself is well documented, little known about whether users' ideas and solutions also reach manufacturers' organizations. Recent indicates majority of discoveries remain limited only local use are rarely presented a wider circle other users, business a...

Manufacturers and retailers have chosen varied brand portfolio structures for business performance. This study surveys consumer attitudes toward manufacturers’ brands and retailers’ store brands chosen from Taiwan retailing outlets. Research findings indicate that manufacturers’ brands intensify high quality and high price strategies, pursue appropriate promotion activities, and develop brand e...

We conducted a voluntary survey of laboratories and manufacturers to assess the current quality of analytical assays for serum digoxin. More than 300 clinical laboratories and 18 manufacturers responded, giving data on methods, instruments, computational procedures, and results for five survey samples. We sorted the analytical data to provide statistical information on the grand mean values sep...

An analysis of data from the U.S. Biotechnology Study, 1997S1998 reveals that few variables affect public trust in scientists, while variables representing perceived benefits, risks, trustworthiness, and competence affect trust in food manufacturers on matters of biotechnology. Both trust in scientists and trust in food manufacturers have a large and important effect on public support for biote...

We develop a consumer-level model of vehicle choice to investigate the reasons behind the erosion of the U.S. automobile manufacturers’ market share during the past decade. Our model accounts for the influence of vehicle attributes, brand loyalty, product line characteristics, and dealerships on choice. We find that nearly all of the loss in market share for U.S. manufacturers can be explained ...

Do active secondary markets aid or harm durable goods manufacturers? We build a dynamic equilibrium model of durable goods oligopoly, with consumers who incur lumpy costs when transacting in the secondary market, and calibrate it to U.S. automobile industry data. By varying transaction costs, we obtain a direct measure of the competitive pressure that secondary markets create on durable goods m...

a r t i c l e i n f o This research investigates the determinants of the performance of small and medium sized manufacturers on business-to-business electronic marketplaces (B2B EMs). Based on the resource-based view, the framework proposed suggests that a manufacturing firm's performance on a B2B EM is determined by EM enabling capabilities, namely the online marketing capability, flexible man...