Abstract This paper documents a link between bank concentration and markups in nonfinancial sectors. We exploit concentration-increasing mergers variation banks’ market shares across industries show that higher credit is associated with high-market-share lenders charge lower loan rates. argue this due to the greater incidence of competing firms sharing common induce less aggressive product beha...

In many countries, particularly developing countries, economic reforms, especially privatization, are considered as a strategic approach. The growth of the government decreases the competition in the market, and so, some fields should be privatized in order to create the competition.  By moving towards privatization and the changes in competition methods and the presentation of the World Trade,...

This paper assesses the impact of product market competition on job instability. Product market competition is measured by the price-cost margin, and job instability is proxied by the intensity of the use of temporary contracts. Using both worker data from the Spanish Labor Force Survey and …rm data from the Spanish Business Strategies Survey, I show that job instability rises with competition....