The analgesic effect of wound infiltration with bupivacaine was evaluated in cats undergoing bilateral mastectomy. Twenty-one female cats with mammary gland tumors were anesthetized with propofol and oxygen-isoflurane anesthesia following premedication with atropine. In the trial group (Group I; n=11), 30 ml of saline containing 2 mg/kg of bupivacaine was infiltrated topically into the surgical...

INTRODUCTION Over 16 000 mastectomies are performed in England and Wales annually. Acute postoperative pain and nausea are common. The most frequently occurring long-term complications are chronic pain (up to 50%) and reduced shoulder function (reported at 35%). Regional techniques that improve acute postoperative pain relief may reduce the incidence of these complications. This study assesses ...

introduction: temporomandibular disorders (tmd) lead to masticatory muscle pain, jaw movement disability and limitation in mouth opening. pain is the chief complaint in 90% of the tmd patients which leads to disability and severe socioeconomic costs. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of low level laser therapy (lllt) compared to pharmacotherapy with nsaids (napro...

burning mouth syndrome (bms) is a relatively common disease that can severely affect the quality of life of the patient. it causes chronic orofacial pain or oral burning sensation even in the absence of any detectable organic cause. the etiology of bms is complex and multifactorial. it has been associated with menopause, trigger events and even genetic polymorphisms. although its etiology remai...

complex regional pain syndrome (crps) is a variety of painful conditions following injury which appears regionally having a distal predominance of abnormal findings. this study, evaluate the use of phentolamine for sympathetic block and regional anesthesia in treatment of crps related pain. in this study, 68 patients with crps who were referred to pain clinics of imam hossein and akhtar hospita...

conclusions the study findings indicate that short-term exercises had no significant effect on the ratio of vmo to vl muscle fiber angles in patients with pfps. results there were no significant differences in the muscle strength and fiber angle of the vmo, vl oblique and longus muscles after training between the control and experimental groups (p > 0.05). patients and methods thirty-five subje...

introduction failed back surgery syndrome (fbss) is an increasing cause of chronic pain in most countries. this poses high costs to both patients and national health organizations. case presentation in this report, multimodal pain management based on daily high-dose oxycodone/naloxone (oxn 180/90 mg) led to reduced patient's pain score and improved quality of life. conclusions oxycodone/naloxon...

1 of 1 DESCRIPTION Opsoclonus-Myoclonus syndrome is a rare dyskinesia due to an underlying infectious, metabolic or neoplastic process. 1 It is frequently caused by neuroblastoma in children and breast or lung carcinoma in adults. It is characterised by high amplitude, multidirectional, arrhythmic and conjugate ocular saccadic intrusions without intersaccadic latency causing oscillopsia 2 and i...

Stewart-Treves syndrome is a rare cutaneous angiosarcoma that develops in long-standing chronic lymphedema. Though most commonly this angiosarcoma is a result of post mastectomy lymphoedema, it also develops in Milroy disease, idiopathic, congenital, traumatic and filarial lymphoedema. Despite the rarity of this syndrome and its poor prognosis, early diagnosis associated with radical surgery ca...