BACKGROUND We examined the associations between socioeconomic trajectories from birth to adulthood and gestational age and birth size in the next generation, using linked data from two population-based birth cohorts carried out in a Brazilian city. By comparing socioeconomic trajectories of mothers and fathers, we attempted to identify-specific effects of maternal and paternal socioeconomic tra...

Congenitally missing of maxillary lateral incisors is one of the most common patterns of hypodontia. This paper presents a nine year old boy with congenital missing of lateral incisors. Familial history showed that, his mother, aunts, uncle and grandmother have also congenital absence of lateral incisors.

The mental decline of King Henry VIII from being a jovial, charismatic and athletic young man into an increasingly paranoid, brutal tyrant in later life, ever more concerned at his lack of one or more male heirs, has attracted many medical diagnostic theories. Previous hypotheses have included diabetes, syphilis and hypothyroidism, among others. However, these inadequately explain Henry's failu...

A mentally retarded female child with multiple congenital abnormalities had an abnormal X chromosome and a Y chromosome; the karyotype was interpreted as 46,dup(X)(p21 leads to pter)Y. Prenatal chromosome studies in a later pregnancy indicated the same chromosomal abnormality in the fetus. The fetus and proband had normal female genitalia and ovarian tissue. H--Y antigen was virtually absent in...

Although there is considerable research into the genetic background of autism spectrum disorders, environmental factors are likely to contribute to the variation in prevalence over time. Rodent experiments indicate that environmental exposures can have effects on subsequent generations, and human studies indicate that parental prenatal exposures may play a part in developmental variation. Here ...

The Spider Woman or Grandmother Spider legends are part of the creation mythology for several southwestern American Indian tribes, including the Hopi, Pueblo, and Navajo. One story says that in the beginning of time only two beings existed: Tawa, the Sun God, with the powers of all that is above; and Spider Woman, the Earth Goddess, with the powers of all that is below. The Sun God imagined the...

It is generally accepted that a typical visual stimulus will be represented by the activity of many millions of neurons distributed across many regions of the visual cortex. However, there is still a long-running debate about the extent to which information about individual objects and events can be read out from the responses of individual neurons. Is it conceivable that neurons could respond ...

Rumor has it that, in semantics, AI is where the action is. We hear not only that computational (hereafter ‘procedural’) semantics offers an alternative to the classical semantics of truth, reference and modality’, but that it provides what its predecessor so notably lacked: clear implications for psychological models of the speaker/hearer. Procedural semantics is said to be ‘the psychologist’s...

I am an undergrad here. My maternal grandmother had (and survived) breast cancer before the age of forty. In her thirties, my mother had breast cancer (it was advanced, but she recovered), only to (a few years later) be diagnosed with ovarian cancer, which was unfortunately terminal. I know that given these two facts, it is likely that I may be at a higher risk, and my doctors at home watch me ...