The cracked Brazilian disc (CBD) specimen is widely used in order to determine mode-I/II and mixed-mode fracture toughness of a rock medium. In this study, the stress intensity factor (SIF) on the crack-tip in this specimen is calculated for various geometrical crack conditions using the extended-finite element method (X-FEM). This method is based upon the finite element method (FEM). In this m...

This paper introduces the concept of ordient for binary relations (preferences), a relative of the concept of gradient for functions (utilities). The main motivation for this study is to replace the binary relation at the center stage of economic analysis, rather than its representation (whenever it exists). Moreover, ordients have a natural economic interpretation as marginal rates of substitu...

A single and self-contained method for determining the crystallite-size distribution and shape from experimental x-ray line profile data is presented. We have shown that the crystallite-size distribution can be determined without assuming a functional form for the size distribution, determining instead the size distribution with the least assumptions by applying the Bayesian/MaxEnt method. The ...

A maximum likelihood estimation procedure is developed for multidimensional scaling when (dis)similarity measures are taken by ranking procedures such as the method of conditional rank orders or the method of triadic combinations. The central feature of these procedures may be termed directionality of ranking processes. That is, rank orderings are performed in a prescribed order by successive f...

Let G be a finite group , in this paper using the order and largest element order of G we show that every finite group with the same order and largest element order as G 2 (q), where q 11 is necessarily isomorphic to the group G 2 (q)

objective: in this paper, finite element model of the l4 vertebra subjected to combination of compression and flexion loading in isotropic and anisotropic cases is investigated. methods: in both cases, the vertebra is considered homogeneous. also, the body of vertebra is divided to cancellous and cortical sections in anisotropic model, but the process is assumed isotropic such as isotropic mode...

Recently, Inner permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous machines have been introduced as a possible traction motor in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and traction applications due to their unique merits. In order to achieve maximum torque per ampere (MTPA), optimization of the motor geometry parameters is necessary. This paper Presents a design method to achieve minimum volume, MTPA and minimum ...

This paper presents a set of design principles and new algorithmic tools for enforcing maximum principles and/or positivity preservation in continuous finite element approximations to convection-dominated transport problems. Using a linear first-order advection equation as a model problem, we address the design of first-order artificial diffusion operators and their higherorder counterparts at ...

This problem is a generalization of the classical secretary problem in which numbers arrive on-line in random order and the goal is to select a number as large as possible. In the matroid secretary problem, there is a matroid with ground set E and independent sets I, and a weight function assigning a weight w(i) to each element i ∈ E. We wish to design an algorithm which the matroid (E, I) is g...