Monte Carlo (MC) technique is a numerical method that makes use of random numbers to solve mathematical problems for which an analytical solution is not known. The first article, “The Monte Carlo Method” by Metropolis and Ulam, has appeared for the first time in 1949 [9], even though well before that certain statistical problems were solved using random numbers. Since the simulation of random n...

Understanding the dynamics of ligand-protein interactions is indispensable in the design of novel therapeutic agents. In this paper, we establish the use of Stochastic Roadmap Simulation (SRS) for the study of ligand-protein interactions through two studies. In our first study, we measure the effects of mutations on the catalytic site of a protein, a process called computational mutagenesis. In...

Background: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been shown as a good radiosensitizer. In combination with radiotherapy, several studies with orthovoltage X-rays have shown considerable dose enhancement effects. This paper reports the dose enhancement factor (DEF) due to GNPs in 18 megavoltage (MV) beams. Materials and Methods: Different geometrical 50-nm GNPs configurations at a concentrati...

This study analyses the expansion of urban growth and land cover changes in five Saudi Arabian cities (Riyadh, Jeddah, Makkah, Al-Taif and the Eastern Area) using Landsat images for the 1985, 1990, 2000, 2007 and 2014 time periods. The classification was carried out using object-based image analysis (OBIA) to create land cover maps. The classified images were used to predict the land cover chan...

Classic molecular motion simulation techniques, such as Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, generate motion pathways one at a time and spend most of their time in the local minima of the energy landscape deŽ ned over a molecular conformation space. Their high computational cost prevents them from being used to compute ensemble properties (properties requiring the analysis of many pathways). This paper...

Johnson , J. L. Beauchamp, and I. Kanik, 1 Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, MC 127-72, Pasadena , CA 91125 ([email protected]; [email protected]), Material and Process Simulation Center, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Bvd, MC 13974, Pasadena, CA 91125 ([email protected]), an...

Introduction: GafChromic EBT films are one of the self-developing and modern films commercially available for dosimetric verification of treatment planning systems (TPSs). Their high spatial resolution, low energy dependence and near-tissue equivalence make them suitable for verification of dose distributions in radiation therapy. This study was designed to evaluate the dosimetric parameters of...

This paper describes the development of the motorcycle (MC) model and validation using a MC – wall Full Scale Test (FST). Individual components like the seat, tires and shock absorbers were tested as per procedures given in ISO13232 [5] and their FE models were validated against the component test data. A crash test of the motorcycle with a rigid wall had been conducted. There is a reasonable m...

Time-delay estimation technique is a key to acoustic temperature field measurement. In order to acquire a stable acoustic time-of-flight in low SNR, a time-delay estimation method combined multilayer cross-correlation and multilayer auto-correlation (MC method for short) is proposed. Crosscorrelation method and second correlation method are described briefly for comparison. Theory analysis and ...