Abstract Adam Carter (2022) recently proposed that a successful analysis of knowledge needs to include an autonomy condition. Autonomy, for Carter, requires lack compulsion history. A history bypasses one’s cognitive competences and results in belief is difficult shed. I argue Carter’s condition does not cover partially autonomous beliefs properly. Some belief-forming processes are bypassing co...

When theorising about disagreement, it is tempting to begin with a person's belief that p and ask what mental state one must have in order disagree it. This the wrong way go; paper argues people may also attitudes are not beliefs. It then examines whether several existing theories of disagreement can account for this phenomenon. its own normative theory gives best account, so, given there good ...

Abstract An influential account or group belief analyzes it as a form of joint commitment by members. In spite its popularity, the faces daunting objections. I consider and reply to two them. The first, due Jennifer Lackey, is that fails an since cannot distinguish beliefs from lies bullshit . second because makes voluntary , whereas genuine involuntary propose amendment basic which offers unif...