To study the spiral wave in an unbounded excitable medium, we consider the wave front interaction model which derived by Zykov in 2007. This model consists of two systems of ordinary di↵erential equations which describe the wave front and wave back, respectively. First, we derive some properties of the back by shooting argument and comparison principle. Next we show the global existence of the ...

An overview is given of the attempts to understand the behavior of scroll waves in threedimensional excitable media using analytical methods, and these results are compared with recent numerical and experimental results. The behavior of untwisted planar scroll rings, twisted rings and helices, and knotted scroll wave filaments is discussed.

This work studies both theoretically and experimentally the formation of the contour interference patterns generated by a two-wavelength real-time holographic interferometer. The resulting contour interference fringes are due to the intersection of the measured surface with parallel, equally spaced planes of constant elevation. The theoretical analysis describes how the spatial frequency of the...

The understanding of metal nucleation on graphene is essential for promising future applications, especially of magnetic metals which can be used in spintronics or computer storage media. A common method to study the grown morphology is to measure the nucleated island density n as a function of growth parameters. Surprisingly, the growth of Fe on graphene is found to be unusual because it does ...

(2012) A cautionary note on switching mtDNA reference sequences in forensic genetics. Assessing a novel room temperature DNA storage medium for forensic biological samples. of novel 'mini-amplicon' STR multiplexes to high volume casework on degraded skeletal remains. rates of nuclear STR typing from different skeletal elements. A highly effective DNA extraction method for nuclear STR testing of...

In this paper, we investigate a design of biological excitable media based on non-excitable cells and intercellular calcium signaling mechanisms. The calcium induced calcium release mechanism in non-excitable cells is exploited to transform the non-excitable cells into excitable media that propagate calcium signals cell-to-cell. The biological excitable media investigated in this paper represen...

BACKGROUND We manipulated predation risk in a field experiment with the cooperatively breeding cichlid Neolamprologus pulcher by releasing no predator, a medium- or a large-sized fish predator inside underwater cages enclosing two to three natural groups. We assessed whether helpers changed their helping behaviour, and whether within-group conflict changed, depending on these treatments, testin...

Objective—To assess the cost eVectiveness of ramipril treatment in patients at low, medium, and high risk of cardiovascular death. Design—Population based cost eVectiveness analysis from the perspective of the health care provider in the UK. EVectiveness was modelled using data from the HOPE (heart outcome prevention evaluation) trial. The life table method was used to predict mortality in a me...

BACKGROUND Green tea has shown the role of chemoprevention for cancer. Recently, several studies suggested that green tea intake may have effect on esophageal cancer risk, whereas the results were inconsistent. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of all English and Chinese language studies of green tea consumption and esophageal cancer risk indexed in Medline, Embase, the Science Citation In...