Oligodendrocyte loss can lead to cognitive and motor deficits. Current remyelinating therapeutic strategies imply either modulation of endogenous oligodendrocyte precursors or transplantation of in vitro expanded oligodendrocytes. Cell therapy, however, still lacks identification of an adequate source of oligodendrocyte present in adulthood and able to efficiently produce transplantable cells. ...

A number of molecular alterations have been described for melanoma. Melanomas with BRAF mutations tend to be located in areas of intermittent sun exposure, whereas melanomas with KIT mutations mostly appear in acral areas, the mucosas, and areas of chronic sun exposure. Sorafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, has a cytostatic effect on most melanomas with mutations affecting the mitogen-activated protein ...

MA BRAF-mutant melanomas tend to develop in preexisting moles. They also tend to affect younger patients; 70% to 80% of the patients who are younger than 30 years when melanoma develops have BRAF-mutant tumors. Conversely, BRAF–wild-type melanomas tend to develop in heavily sun-damaged skin. They tend to affect older patients, especially those aged 70 years and older. Most acral and nearly all ...

We studied the effect of the immune system on two differentially aggressive melanomas developing in mice on conditional deletion of the INK4A/ARF tumor suppressor gene, with concomitant expression of oncogene H-Ras(G12V) and a natural cancer-germline tumor antigen (TA). "Slow progressor" melanomas contained no activated T lymphocytes (TL). In contrast, "aggressive" melanomas were infiltrated by...

erbB receptors contribute to tumor formation and progression. Variable expression of erbB1, erbB2, and erbB3 has been reported in nevi and melanomas; erbB4 has hardly been investigated. We examined the expression of all 4 erbB receptors in common and dysplastic nevi and melanomas. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of 100 melanomas, 27 common nevi, and 23 dysplastic nevi were immunostain...

OBJECTIVE To identify accurately thick melanomas preoperatively by means of a combined approach based on sonography and clinical-videomicroscopic evaluation. DESIGN Ultrasonographic thickness measurement, obtained by means of a 20-MHz B-scanner, and identification of clinical and videomicroscopic variables useful in distinguishing between thick and thin melanomas were performed on a training ...

Primary mucosal melanomas arise from melanocytes located in mucosal membranes lining respiratory, gastrointestinal and urogenital tract. Although a majority of mucosal melanomas originate from the mucosa of the nasal cavity and accessory sinuses, oral cavity, anorectum, vulva and vagina, they can arise in almost any part of mucosal membranes. Most of mucosal melanomas occur in occult sites, whi...

We describe a case of traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the middle meningeal artery in a patient after a head trauma. The aneurysm was found incidentally and resolved spontaneously without any intervention; this outcome suggests that middle meningeal artery aneurysm may not require treatment in all cases and can be followed conservatively with follow-up conventional angiography.

PURPOSE In patients with acute leukemias, a lymphoid phenotype, the presence of a Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), and inadequate central nervous system (CNS)-directed prophylactic therapy are risk factors for CNS involvement. Imatinib mesylate has promising single-agent antileukemic activity in patients with advanced Ph(+) acute leukemias. It was the aim of this analysis to determine the incidenc...