This paper develops a model of cross-country growth and distribution dynamics where sharing ideas is important. The model shows clusters of economies emerging from deliberate choices made in equilibrium. It characterizes how, over time, the cross-section distribution of countries stratifies into distinct income classes.

Medicinal and dietary substances have been used for various purposes including nutritional from time immemorial. Various activities such as immunomodulator, bulk promoting, nutritional, etc. that enhance strength, immunity, bulk of the body resulted by the use of medicinal or dietary substances are termed in total as Balya in Ayurveda. The term Balya originally stands for all those actions that...

The subject of this paper is the story of an ancient medical instrument. This instrument is a wooden vaginal speculum used in classical and Islamic medicine. Its drawings can be found in Abulcasis al-Zahrawi's and Şerefeddin Sabuncuoğlu's illustrated books of surgery.

Detecting the location entities mentioned in Twitter messages is useful in text mining for business, marketing or defence applications. Therefore, techniques for extracting the location entities from the Twitter textual content are needed. In this work, we approach this task in a similar manner to the Named Entity Recognition (NER) task focused only on locations, but we address a deeper task: c...

We examine the performance of stocks that represent managers’“Best ideas.”We …nd that the stock that active managers display the most conviction towards ex-ante, outperforms the market, as well as the other stocks in those managers’portfolios, by approximately one to four percent per quarter depending on the benchmark employed. The results for managers’other high-conviction investments (e.g. to...

Given the difficulties In obtaining up-to-date infonnation, I frequently resort to the Ideas, research results , and unpublished works of a number of colleagues, though it is not always possible to cite these sources adequately. I would like to acknowledge collecllvely my colleagues at the Centro Brasilel ro de Anc1;lIse e Planejamento (CEBRAP) and Nucleo de Esludos de Polfticas PlJblicasCampln...