When key biological statistics (growth parameters, mortality rates, etc.) of a large number of fish species are plotted against other variables (notably maximum size and mean habitat temperature), clear trends or patterns tend to emerge. These patterns are usually not perceived as requiring explanation, as reflected in the rarity of pertinent hypotheses in the literature, relative to the ubiqui...

In a call for greater anthropological study of the body, Scheper-Hughes and Lock (1987) argue for examination of three, interrelated bodily forms: the body-self, the social body, and the body politic. Anthropologists of aging can most easily identify our work in the body-self when we study aging as a bodily and social experience that varies across cultural contexts (e.g. Sokolovsky 2009). The s...

Finding the con gurations of a set of rigid bodies that satisfy a set of geometric constraints is a problem traditionally solved by reformulating the geometry and constraints as algebraic equations which are solved symbolically or numerically. But many such problems can be solved by reasoning symbolically about the geometric bodies themselves using a new technique called degrees of freedom anal...

www.sciencedirect.com Introduction A genome is a great compendium of interwoven texts written at different times by different authors (we speak, of course, metaphorically). Some genomes are prolix whereas others are terse. The original text may be supplemented by epigenetic annotations or overwritten by the graffiti of parasitic elements. Sometimes an insertion from another story becomes incorp...

Elena Semino Lancaster University ABSTRACT The variety of sensations conveyed by the English word pain tend to be described via expressions that refer to potential causes of bodily damage (e.g. stabbing, burning). Such expressions are used metaphorically when they convey pain experiences that do not directly result from physical damage (e.g. migraine pain). In this paper I discuss psycholinguis...

We present a new family of subgradient methods that dynamically incorporate knowledge of the geometry of the data observed in earlier iterations to perform more informative gradientbased learning. Metaphorically, the adaptation allows us to find needles in haystacks in the form of very predictive but rarely seen features. Our paradigm stems from recent advances in stochastic optimization and on...

In this paper, the mathematical operations of convolution and correlation will be proposed as mechanisms by which associative encoding and retrieval may occur, and a process model of free recall which conforms to the constraints imposed by these operations will be presented. In the first section of the paper, the operations will be metaphorically described and defined; computer simulations whic...

In the number-on-forehead (NOF) model of communication complexity, k players are trying to evaluate a function F defined on kn bits. The input of F is partitioned into k pieces of n bits each, call them x1, . . . ,xk, and xi is placed, metaphorically, on the forehead of player i. Thus, each player sees (k − 1)n of the kn input bits. The players communicate by writing bits on a shared blackboard...

Aptness is an umbrella term that covers a multitude of issues in the interpretation and generation of creative metaphor. In this paper we concentrate on one of these issues – the notion of lexical systematicity – and explore its role in ascertaining the coherence of creative metaphor relative to the structure of the target concept being described. We argue that all else being equal, the most ap...

There is a wind of transformation blowing across the world today. It is changing the face of emergency management and every field of human endeavor. It is called “social media”. These days, social media is redefining crisis preparedness through the increasing participation of the masses in the creation and distribution of content in ways that surpass the capacity of the mass media and public au...