hydroxyapatite is a biocompatible ceramic and reinforcement for bone implantations. seva/hap composite content hap filler with difference particle sizes were designed. mechanical tests like tensile modulus, uts, strain at break and biodegradation were investigated. results illustrated much increase tensile modulus of composites content hap nano powders ratio to micro powders. also uts analysis ...

Inorganic precipitation reactions are known to self-organize a variety of macroscopic structures, including hollow tubes. We discuss recent advances in this field with an emphasis on experiments similar to 'silica gardens'. These reactions involve metal salts and sodium silicate solution. Reactions triggered from reagent-loaded microbeads can produce tubes with inner radii of down to 3 μm. Dist...

The patient was a 65‐year‐old man who had undergone cataract surgery. Owing to a minor Descemet’s membrane detachment in the frontal part of the main wound, an air bubble was injected into the anterior chamber (AC) of the eye. On postoperative day (POD) 1, approximately 50% of the AC consisted of air, and the AC cells were reported to be 2 plus. On POD 2, the patient was referred to the clinic ...

We integrate air bubbles into conductive elastic composite-based stretchable conductors to make them mechanically less stiff and electrically more robust against physical deformations. A surfactant facilitates both the formation and maintenance of air bubbles inside the elastic composites, leading to a simple fabrication of bubble-entrapped stretchable conductors. Based on the unique bubble-ent...

This Review summarizes the progress in research on flow structure and aerodynamic characteristics of an airfoil at a low Reynolds number encountered by near-space low-speed aircrafts micro-air vehicles. The structures several kinds laminar separation bubbles their effect are discussed drawing experimental numerical results reported past few decades. transition process bubble is detailed from va...

A modified model has been analytically developed to describe the induction time of an elliptic air bubble in contact with an elliptic hydrophobic oil droplet. The role of hydrophobicity was revealed in the slippage of liquid over the surfaces of bubble and droplet. In this condition, the analytical relationships for pressure distribution and consequently hydrodynamic resistance force through th...

We present ultra-fast homogeneous mixing inside a microfluidic channel via single-bubble-based acoustic streaming. The device operates by trapping an air bubble within a "horse-shoe" structure located between two laminar flows inside a microchannel. Acoustic waves excite the trapped air bubble at its resonance frequency, resulting in acoustic streaming, which disrupts the laminar flows and trig...

This paper presents the dynamics of microbubbles that are pinched-off and breakup in micro-jetting. A microjet is generated in two bubble interaction when a laser induced bubble is impacting a static gas bubble in a microchannel. Gas layers with a height of hundreds of nanometer are pinched off from the accelerated gas bubble wall during the jetting process. They are further modified by surface...

Since typical industrial-scale reactors may contain many millions of bubbles, the extension of direct free-surface modelling techniques to resolve every bubble in the vessel would require far more computational power than will be available. A more immediate solution is to couple macro-scale reactor models to micro-scale models of individual bubbles and collections of a small number of bubbles. ...

Recent developments concerning the unsteady dynamic forces on a spherical particle at finite Reynolds number are reviewed for solid particles and clean micro-bubble. A particle frequency response function and an energy transfer function are derived for a solid particle or a contaminated micro-bubble in gas or liquid flow. A simple, unified method for estimating the cut-off frequency, or cut-off...