AIMS Evaluation of the composition, distribution and activities of syntrophic bacteria and methanogens in soils from eutrophic and low nutrient regions of a freshwater marsh, and to compare these results with those obtained from a similar study in the Florida Everglades. METHODS AND RESULTS Culture dependent and independent approaches were employed to study consortia of syntrophs and methanog...

the discharge of total suspended sediments (tss) and dissolved nutrients from watersheds into receiving waters is a serious problem when natural vegetation is degraded by agriculture or overgrazing. this study was conducted in soolegan watershed to investigate land use change and overgrazing effects on phosphorus loss (dissolved & particulate), particle size associated loss of p and effect of t...

Twelve young Valencia orange trees which were budded on Rough lemon stock, were planted into 50-gallon containers on April 28, 1947. The containers were perforated in the bottom and filled with a very fine, white quartz sand. These units were depressed in soil for nearly their full length. The capillary contact with the subsoil induced good drainage and permitted good root development throughou...

[1] We use an ocean circulation, biogeochemistry, and ecosystem model to explore the interactions between ocean circulation, macroand micro-nutrient supply to the euphotic layer, and biological productivity. The model suggests a tight coupling between the degree of iron limitation in the upwelling subpolar and tropical oceans and the productivity of the adjacent subtropical gyres. This coupling...

Extracellular enzymes are functional components of marine microbial communities that contribute to nutrient remineralization by catalyzing the degradation of organic substrates. Particularly in coastal environments, the magnitude of variation in enzyme activities across timescales is not well characterized. Therefore, we established the MICRO time series at Newport Pier, California, to assess e...

This paper presents a system for autonomously delivering a quantum of fluid to individual plants in a vegetable crop field, using a fine spray nozzle attached to a manipulator arm on a mobile robot. This can reduce input cost and environmental impact while increasing productivity for applications such as micro-nutrient provision, thinning and weeding. The Ladybird platform is introduced and a p...

T his article briefly reviews the components of the immune system with emphasis on a particular leukocyte, the gamma delta (+%) T cell. The importance of nutrition in this large and complex system cannot be underestimated. All nutrients, macro and micro, are required in an optimum balance for the proper function of immunity. The issue is that an optimum balance specifically for the role of immu...