Green, inexpensive, and robust copper-based heterogeneous catalysts achieve 100 % conversion and 99 % selectivity in the conversion of furfural to furfuryl alcohol when using cyclopentyl-methyl ether as green solvent and microwave reactors at low H2 pressures and mild temperatures. The utilization of pressurized microwave reactors produces a 3-4 fold increase in conversion and an unexpected enh...

In this study, microwave-assisted extraction was applied for pectin extraction from the dried orange peel and Box-Behnken response surface design was used to study and optimize the effects of processing variables (microwave power, irradiation time, pH and solid-liquid ratio) on the yield of pectin. The amount of pectin extracted increased with increasing microwave power, while it reduces as the...

Lipids were extracted from Isochrysis galbana using a microwave-assisted method accompanied by various types of organic solvents. The effects of organic solvent type and microwave input energy on the fatty acid characteristics of the extracted lipids and their biodiesel product were investigated. Variations in the characteristics of the lipids extracted using a combination of n-hexane and iso-p...

The conversion of biomass into chemicals and biofuels is an active research area as trends move to replace fossil fuels with renewable resources due to society's increased concern towards sustainability. In this context, microwave processing has emerged as a tool in organic synthesis and plays an important role in developing a more sustainable world. Integration of processing methods with micro...

8 9 A comparison was made between the composition of the recalcitrant organic matter (ROM) 10 isolated from a sandy forest soil as revealed by microwave assisted extractions and/or 11 hydrolyses and by usual pyrolysis techniques. Successive microwave irradiation treatments 12 were performed in H2O, 0.1 and 1 M HCl and 0.1 and 1 M KOH. At each step of the 13 treatment the insoluble residue was e...

The first Diels-Alder cycloaddition of o-quinodimethane to SWNT has been performed under microwave irradiation.

Microwave energy has been widely used in several domestic, industrial, and medical applications such as food sterilization, organic/inorganic syntheses, polymerization, dehydration, analyses and extraction, and biological destruction. This paper summarizes the potential applications of microwave energy as remedial alternatives for various types of wastes and diverse contamination of soils, slud...

the wittig reaction rate can be dramatically enhanced by irradiation of the reaction mixture containing an aldehyde or ketone; methoxymethyl(triphenyl)phosphonium chloride, potassium t-butoxide, and t buoh with a commercial microwave oven. carbonyl compound are converted to witting products within three min. in good yields.

zn/acoh on silica gel converts a range of structurally different sulfoxides to their corresponding thioethers in excellent yields under microwave irradiation. it has been found that chemoselective deoxygenation of sufoxides can be achieved in the presence of other reducible functional groups such as acetals, acids, amides,   esters, ketones and nitriles.

The aim of the present work is to evaluate possibility of microwave emitted by cellular phone that can elicit cortical spreading depression (CSD) in rat brain and studying the characteristics of the evoked signals. (CSD) was elicited in cerebral cortex of anesthetized rats after exposure to microwave irradiation (935.2-960.2 MHz) from Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) mobile phone. ...