The Minerals and Petroleum Resources Act (MRPDA) no 28 of 2002 of South Africa states that the holder of a mining permit remains liable for environmental damage until a closure certificate has been issued, but does not stipulate the environmental standards required to obtain such a certificate. Monitoring of surface mining environments requires a consistent, repeatable and efficient method that...

Digital photography combined with three dimensional models of topography, mining operations and restoration plans can lead to extremely realistic images and animations of the current and future states of a mine or quarry. The amount of work and the time required for the successful modelling of a mine and its restoration plan are surprisingly low nowadays. All these mean that the visual impact o...

In the next decades many of old tailings storage facilities (TSFs) could be re-processed if one considers prices metals, new uses metals which today are not valuable, and application new, more efficient metallurgical technologies. this context, in-pit disposal mine (IPDMT) is an attractive alternative to used as part responsible closure: mines reprocess place them in open pit sustainable closur...

The migration of methane towards the surface, within mining areas closed mines, can be a danger to public safety for many years after process liquidation has been finished. liberation from undisturbed coal seams, and those destressed through earlier not fully recognised so far. Knowledge effect presence water, along with hydrostatic pressure, on intensity desorption seams is necessary in determ...

Shifting markets can cause unexpected, stochastic changes in rural landscapes that may take local communities by surprise. Preferential siting of new industrial facilities in poor areas or in areas with few regulatory restrictions can have implications for environmental sustainability, human health, and social justice. This study focuses on frac sand mining-the mining of high-quality silica san...

The 110 mining method is a high-efficiency entry-retaining technology without coal pillars or filling materials. At present, there no precedent for its application in the Huaneng Group. In order to introduce this technology, it planned carry out experimental research Yuwang NO.1 Coal Mine of Diandong area. typical and gas outburst mine with seam group. view introduction under these conditions, ...

Introduction: The most common type of velopharyngeal valve (VPV) closure is a matter of controversy.The aim of this study was to estimate the most common type of VPV closure, including identification of the type and grade of VPV closure among Egyptian children.  Materials and Methods: This study included patients who were candidates for adenotonsillectomy. In these cases, video-nasoendoscopy an...

Economic transitions have the potential to displace workers and cause social unrest. Coal mine closures resulting employment losses in rural areas become salient issues. Using data on coal power plant operation, we model closure as a function of expected profits, which allows us compare effects specific demand supply shocks profits. Increasing costs production had large impact closures, but low...

Mine closure includes the rehabilitation process, which is a continuous programme aimed at restoring physical, chemical, and biological quality that has been harmed by mining to level acceptable all individuals involved. BIT Mesra was assigned R&D project on development of dragline dump profile both on-going closed mines. As part study, stability highwall investigated for this mine. The final q...