Following an idea of Kronecker, we describe a method for factoring prime ideal extensions in number rings. The method needs factorization of polynomials in many variables over finite fields, but it works for any prime and any number field extension. Introduction Let F c K be number fields, let ¿fp c <?* be their corresponding number rings, i.e., the integral closures of Z in F and K, respective...

let $n$ be a submodule of a module $m$ and a minimal primary decomposition of $n$ is known‎. ‎a formula to compute baer's lower nilradical of $n$ is given‎. ‎the relations between classical prime submodules and their nilradicals are investigated‎. ‎some situations in which semiprime submodules can be written as finite intersection of classical prime submodule are stated‎.

An rj-normal lattice is a distributive lattice with 0 such that each prime ideal contains at most n minimal prime ideals. A relatively ra-normal lattice is a distributive lattice such that each bounded closed interval is an /¡.-normal lattice. The main results of this paper are: (1) a distributive lattice L with 0 is 71,-normal if and only if for any %n, x,,*•', X e L such that x Ax. = 0 for an...

Let 9t and © be commutative rings such that © contains, and has the same identity element as, 9Î. If p and $ are prime ideals in SK and © respectively such that ^P\9t = p then we shall say that $ lies over, or contracts to, p. If over every prime ideal in dt there lies a prime ideal in ©, we shall say that the "lying-over" theorem holds for the pair of rings 9Î and ©. Suppose now that q and p a...

Double Boolean algebras are algebras (D,u,t, , ,⊥,>) of type (2, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0). They have been introduced to capture the equational theory of the algebra of protoconcepts. A filter (resp. an ideal) of a double Boolean algebra D is an upper set F (resp. down set I) closed under u (resp. t). A filter F is called primary if F 6= ∅ and for all x ∈ D we have x ∈ F or x ∈ F . In this note we prove t...

In this paper, we first introduce the concepts of weakly prime and weakly quasi-prime fuzzy left ideals of an ordered semigroup S. Furthermore, we give some characterizations of weakly prime and weakly quasi-prime fuzzy left ideals of an ordered semigroup S by the ordered fuzzy points and fuzzy subsets of S. Keywords—Ordered semigroup; ordered fuzzy point; weakly prime fuzzy left ideal; weakly ...

Let Pn := K[x1, . . . , xn] be a polynomial algebra over a field K of characteristic zero. The Jacobian algebra An is the subalgebra of EndK(Pn) generated by the Weyl algebra An := D(Pn) = K〈x1, . . . , xn, ∂1, . . . , ∂n〉 and the elements (∂1x1) −1, . . . , (∂nxn) −1 ∈ EndK(Pn). The algebra An appears naturally in study of the group of automorphisms of Pn. The algebra An is large since it cont...