The habitats of Batillaria multiformis (Near Threatened species) and attramentaria are often overlapping on a mudflat, young individuals two snails were difficult to identify by shell morphology. This is one the causes that study, such as population dynamics species, did not advance. Recently, species identification DNA analysis for B. was developed using PCR-RFLP method. However, only restrict...

In this research, we investigated the cytotoxic mechanisms of one of the widely used pharmaceuticals that are regularly associated with the adverse effects on the liver, sometimes leading to acute liver failure, diclofenac. Diclofenac liver cytotoxicity was associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and lipid peroxidation which were inhibited by antioxidants and ROS scavengers, fer...

Introduction: Recently depleted uranium is being widely used as anti-armour ammunition and at very high temperature, results in information of an aerosol of very small uranium oxide particles, which may be inhaled. It is alleged that these particles represent a new battlefield hazard because of the chemical toxicology and/or radioactivity. Method & materials: Male Wistar strain albino rats ...

Cigarette smoking is one of the main risk factors for premature human death associated to a variety of respiratory and vascular diseases, and cancer due to containing Hundreds of toxicants. Rat mitochondria were obtained by differential ultracentrifugation and incubated with different concentrations (1, 10 and 100%) of standardized cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Our results showed that cigarett...

addition of n-butyl nitrite to isolated rat hepatocytes caused an immediate glutathione depletion followed by an inhibition of mitochondrial respiration, inhi- bition of glycolysis and atp depletion. at cytotoxic butyl nitrite concentrations, lipid  peroxidation  occurred  before  the  plasma  membrane  was  disrupted. cytochrome p-450 inhibitors inhibited peroxynitrite formation and prevented ...

Screening subtraction libraries from normal and type II diabetic human skeletal muscle, we identified four different mitochondrially encoded genes which were increased in expression in diabetes. The genes were cytochrome oxidase I, cytochrome oxidase III, NADH dehydrogenase IV, and 12s rRNA, all of which are located on the heavy strand of the mitochondrial genome. There was a 1.5- to 2.2-fold i...

Abstract Mauldin et al. (2014) examined 103 woodrats collected in 1988 from a putative contact zone located Major County, Oklahoma, and provided evidence for substantial level of hybridization between Neotoma floridana N. micropus. This site was resampled 2010, with 42 collected, again 2011, when an additional 88 were 11 localities along transect extending northwest to southeast the center hybr...

Tapah fish (Wallago leerii) is a with high economic value in Riau Province. Molecular research on W. leerii very important to do. This study aims determine the molecular characteristics of from Province based Cytochrome b gene. The universal primer used for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) process. PCR result partial gene length 373 bp. Multiple alignments were performed nucleotide sequences riv...

The intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni, in Brazil, Biomphalaria glabrata, B. tenagophila and B. straminea, were identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI). We performed digestions with two enzymes (AluI and RsaI), previously selected, based on sequences available in Genbank. The profiles obtained with RsaI showed t...

We report here a human case of Taenia asiatica infection which was confirmed by genetic analyses in Dali, China. A patient was found to have symptoms of taeniasis with discharge of tapeworm proglottids. By sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene, we observed nucleotide sequence identity of 99% with T. asiatica and 96% with T. saginata. Using the cytochrome b (...