In 1961, the Harmon Foundation, a leading American organization devoted to support and promotion of African artists, opened its landmark exhibition contemporary art entitled Art from Africa Our Time. The Museum Modern in New York also exhibited first acquisition art, Men Taking Banana Beer Bride by Night (1956) Tanzanian Makerere-trained artist Sam Ntiro (Fig. 1) that year. simultaneity Foundat...

There are many ways of imagining the future of the city. We can start with the growth of urbanisation, which envisages that in 2050 more than two-thirds of the world population will live in cities. And from there calculate the increase in the ecological footprint that urban life will determine, the increase in consumption of the land, and the possible rise in inequality and segregation. Or refl...

Criticisms of realism and liberalism, traditionally the two dominant fields within international relations (IR) and international political economy (IPE) theory, have been widespread for the past two decades. What unites these critical theorists is their claim that IR/IPE theory is both ahistorical and decontextualised. What is missing from this critical account is a sustained historical examin...

Women’s autonomy has long been a central concern for researchers examining the social position of women in developing countries. However, little emphasis has been placed on the measurement of autonomy, despite its importance for assessing the validity of comparative research. In this research, we use confirmatory factor analyses to determine (1) whether items thought to measure autonomy in fact...

The authors use social science methodology to determine whether a doctrinal shift-from an objectivist view of criminality in the common law to a subjectivist view in modern criminal codes-is consistent with lay intuitions of the principles of justice. Commentators have suggested that lay perceptions of criminality have shifted in a way reflected in the doctrinal change, but the study results su...

Before they met in 1917, Virginia Woolf envisioned a peculiar setting for her first encounter with Katherine Mansfield, the promising young writer who had ‘dogged [her] steps three years’. Intriguingly, imagined she might glimpse not drawing-room of mutual friend or at literary soirée, but ‘on rock sea’ – there, ‘I shall accost her’.1 pictures Mansfield an attitude reminiscent Frederic Leighton...

Over the summer of 2019, I was on a work placement in British Archive for Contemporary Writing at UEA. My task to catalogue and describe correspondence Doris Lessing. developing online set boxes called ‘The 2008 Deposit’, making it accessible searchable researchers. The Deposit (unlike 2013 Deposit, which arrived after Lessing’s death that year) is not under embargo by its copyright holders, so...

expressionism in painting, existentialism in philosophy, the final forms of representation in the novel, the films of the great auteurs, or the modernist school of poetry (as institutionalized and canonized in the works of Wallace Stevens): all these are now seen as the final, extraordinary flowering of a high modernist impulse which is spent and exhausted with them. . . . the younger generatio...

Why did machine-age modernist architecture diffuse to Latin America so quickly after its rise in Continental Europe during the 1910s and 1920s? Why was it a more successful movement in relatively backward Brazil and Mexico than in more affluent and industrialized Argentina? After reviewing the historical development of architectural modernism in these three countries, several explanations are t...