Wayfinding is of vital importance if visually impaired pedestrians are to walk by themselves from one place to another, since they must calculate both their orientation and position. Here, a new haptic direction indicator is proposed, which will help blind pedestrians to avoid hazardous areas intuitively and safely by means of haptic navigation. A novel translational force perception method, ca...

adi it ion ally, zero crossings of the second derivative provide edge features for the classification of blurred waveforms. The accuracy of these edge features deteriorates in the case of severely blurred images. In this paper, a new feature is presented that is more resistant to the blurring process, the image, and waveform peaks. In addition, an estimate of the standard deviation of the blurr...

This document specifies a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCPv4 and DHCPv6) option containing the civic location of the client or the DHCP server. The Location Configuration Information (LCI) includes information about the country, administrative units such as states, provinces, and cities, as well as street addresses, postal community names, and building information. The option allows mu...

Molecular averaging, including noncrystallographic symmetry (NCS) averaging, is a powerful method for ab initio phase determination and phase improvement. Applications of the cross-crystal averaging (CCA) method have been shown to be effective for phase improvement after initial phasing by molecular replacement, isomorphous replacement, anomalous dispersion or combinations of these methods. Her...

adi it ion ally, the problems of Byzantine agreement, concensus, and interactive consistency are studied in a fully connected network with processors in malicious failure only. Such problems are re-examined with the assumption of malicious faults on both processors and links. The proposed protocols use the minimum number of message exchanges and can tolerate the maximum number of allowable faul...

Dissociated neurons were cultured on lines of various lengths covered with adhesive material to obtain an experimental model system of linear signal transmission. The neuronal connectivity in the linear culture is characterized, and it is demonstrated that local spiking activity is relayed by synaptic transmission along the line of neurons to develop into a large-scale population burst. Formall...

Coverage rates of vegetation and exposed bedrock are two key indicators of karst rocky desertification. In this study, the abundances of vegetation and exposed rock were retrieved from a hyperspectral Hyperion image using linear spectral unmixing method. The results were verified using the spectral indices of karst rocky desertification (KRDSI) and an integrated LAI spectral index: modified chl...

Since 1967 there has again been great interest in chess programming. This paper demonstrates that the s t r u c t u r e of today's most successful programs cannot be ex tended to play Master level chess. Certain basic requ i rements of a Master player's performance are s h o w n to be outside the performance limits to which a p rog ram of this t ype could be extended. The paper also examines a ...

BACKGROUND Frailty can lead towards serious adverse consequences, such as disability. With regard to prevention valid screening instruments are needed to identify frail older people. The aim was to evaluate and compare the psychometric properties of three screening instruments: the Groningen Frailty Indicator (GFI), the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) and the Sherbrooke Postal Questionnaire (SP...

The ability to acquire large-scale recordings of neuronal activity in awake and unrestrained animals is needed to provide new insights into how populations of neurons generate animal behavior. We present an instrument capable of recording intracellular calcium transients from the majority of neurons in the head of a freely behaving Caenorhabditis elegans with cellular resolution while simultane...