Picolinic acid, a pyridine monocarboxylic acid derived from tryptophan metabolism by the kynurenine pathway, was shown to block cortical cholinergic neurotoxicity induced by quinolinic acid (QUIN), a pyridine dicarboxylic acid yielded by the same pathway. This study examined the specificity of the anti-toxic effect of picolinic acid by comparing its effect with several structurally related mono...

Chromyl chloride was prepared by the literature method 3. A solution of formic acid in carbon tetra­ chloride was added dropwise to chromyl chloride diluted in the same solvent so that the reaction product was always in excess of formic acid. Since the reaction was violently exothermic, the reaction vessel was maintained at 0 °C throughout the addition. After a few minutes, the colour of the so...

Lesinurad is an oral inhibitor of the monocarboxylic/urate transporter URAT1 encoded by the SLC22A12 gene. Market authorization was granted in February 2016 in Europe and December 2015 in the USA. As a potentially nephrotoxic uricosuric drug acting on the kidney, nephrologists should become familiar with its indications and safety profile. The approved indication is treatment of gout in combina...

Hartnup disease (Baron, Dent, Harris, Hart, and Jepson, 1956) is an inborn abnormality of renal and intestinal transport involving the 'neutral' amino acids (the monoamino monocarboxylic amino acids, but excluding glycine, proline, hydroxyproline, and methionine). Mental and physical retardation, intermittent pellagra-like rash, and cerebellar ataxia are associated with this biochemical abnorma...

To determine the effect of dietary methionine supplementation on intestinal amino acid/peptide/monocarboxylic acid transporter gene expression, a total of 242 male Cobb-500 broilers were fed from day of hatch to 35 d of age using a basal diet deficient in sulfur amino acids (control), or the control diet supplemented with dl-methionine (dl-Met), l-methionine (l-Met) or methionine analog dl-2-hy...

support the view that the hydrocarbons are being actively metabolized. This is further borne out by the results obtained on the partially oxidized derivatives, such as long-chain monohydric alcohols and long-chain monocarboxylic acids. Methylene-blue reduction, moreover, points to the presence of a dehydrogenase enzyme present in the cells capable of oxidizing the long-chain hydrocarbons. It se...

Pseudomonas fluorescens invoked a metabolic reconfiguration that resulted in enhanced production of pyruvate under the challenge of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Although this stress led to a sharp reduction in the activities of numerous tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes, there was a marked increase in the activities of catalase and various NADPH-generating enzymes to counter the oxidative bur...