We consider a range of cases—both hypothetical and actual—in which agents apparently know how to φ but fail to believe that the way in which they in fact φ is a way for them to φ. These “no-belief” cases present a prima facie problem for Intellectualism about knowledge-how. The problem is this: if knowledge-that entails belief, and if knowing how to φ just is knowing that some w is a way for on...

If true, this property would mean that there is no interesting algebraic structure. There are very few results on the arithmetic nature of these numbers, even less on their independence: it is known that π is a transcendental numbers, hence, so are all ζ(2n), n ≥ 1. It is also known that ζ(3) is irrational (Apéry, 1978), and that infinitely many ζ(2n+ 1) are irrational (further sharper results ...

Frank Moss was a leading figure in the study of nonlinear and stochastic processes in biological systems. His work, particularly in the area of stochastic resonance, has been highly influential to the interdisciplinary scientific community. This Focus Issue pays tribute to Moss with articles that describe the most recent advances in the field he helped to create. In this Introduction, we review...

Lignin, one of the most abundant biopolymers on Earth, derives from the plant phenolic metabolism. It appeared upon terrestrialization and is thought critical for plant colonization of land. Early diverging land plants do not form lignin, but already have elements of its biosynthetic machinery. Here we delete in a moss the P450 oxygenase that defines the entry point in angiosperm lignin metabol...