BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance among Staphylococcus aureus is of great concern worldwide. This resistance is further complicated by the ability of S. aureus to confer cross-resistance to other antibiotics due to the presence of resistance genes, such as erythromycin resistance methylase (erm) genes, which render the bacterium resistant to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) antibioti...

Over a 2-year period (2003 to 2005) patients with community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) and community-acquired methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MSSA) infections were prospectively identified. Patients infected with CA-MRSA (n = 102 patients) and CA-MSSA (n = 102 patients) had median ages of 46 and 53 years, respectively; the most common site...

BACKGROUND Heavy metals including lead and cadmium can disrupt the immune system and the human microbiota. and are increasingly of concern with respect to the propogation of antibiotic-resistence. Infection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of global morbidity and mortality. Heavy metal exposure may be associated with increased MRSA colonization and infectio...

For many years, the “superbug” methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was confined to hospital patients, but since the 1990s it has been infecting otherwise healthy people in settings such as schools and locker rooms. Researchers now report the discovery of MRSA in U.S. wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), identifying another possible environmental reservoir for the bacteria [EHP 12...

Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) remains a serious cause of infections in the United States and worldwide. Methicillin susceptible S. (MSSA) is half all health care–associated staphylococcal infections, Resistant (MRSA) leading community onset skin soft tissue US. This study looks at 15-year trend (CO)-MRSA MSSA determines ‘best’ to ‘worst’ infection trends. We identified d...

This work evaluates the performance of salp swarm algorithm (SSA) for truss system optimization problems and presents a novel method called modified (MSSA). Five structures, previously optimized by metaheuristics containing discrete continuous variables, were used evaluations. Size size–shape types considered. Although SSA performs poorly has convergence issues in initial random solutions, it r...

background antibiotic resistance among staphylococcus aureus is of great concern worldwide. this resistance is further complicated by the ability of s. aureus to confer cross-resistance to other antibiotics due to the presence of resistance genes, such as erythromycin resistance methylase (erm) genes, which render the bacterium resistant to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin b (mlsb) antibioti...

BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus is associated with human skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs); however, the involvement of virulence factors in different clinical presentations is unclear. METHODS We analyzed methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) strains from Taiwan to determine correlations among the clinical characteristics of SSTIs, antimicro...

Clonal complex (CC) 398 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) are associated with carriage and infection among animals and humans but only a single case of CC398 MRSA has been reported in the Republic of Ireland (ROI). The present study investigated the molecular epidemiology of CC398 MRSA (n = 22) and MSSA (n = 10) from animals and huma...

BACKGROUND The presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and glycopeptide-intermediate S. aureus (GISA) in hospitals poses a significant challenge to hospital infection control teams. The use of disinfectants for both surface and hand cleaning is an essential part of the infection control measures. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of common hospital hand disinfecta...