BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is a highly versatile pathogen of a large number of domestic ani- mals, including avian species. There is limited information about S. aureus isolated from companion and wild birds in Iran. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine drug resistance and random-amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR (RAPD-P...

BACKGROUND The emergence of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has raised public health concern for global TB control. Although multi drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR- TB) prevalence and associated genetic mutations in Morocco are well documented, scarce information on XDR TB is available. Hence, the evaluation of pre-XDR and XDR prevalence, as well as the mutation status of gyrA,...

Repeated administrations of anti-cancer drugs to patients often induce drug resistance. P-glycoprotein (Pgp) facilitates an efficient drug efflux, preventing cellular accumulation of drugs and causing multi-drug resistance (MDR). In this study, we developed a gold-paclitaxel nanoconjugate system to overcome MDR. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were conjugated with β-cyclodextrin enclosing paclitaxel ...

BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) hinder the progress of TB control. OBJECTIVE To track the trend of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) prevalence in Zhejiang Province from 1999 to 2013, and identify risk factors of resistance to second-line drugs among MDR-TB patients. DESIGN Four DR-TB surveys had been done in Zhejia...

Abstract This study attempts to detect and differentiate Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) - Tuberculosis (TB) Sensitive (DS)-TB Chest Radiographs (CXR) using local texture descriptors Ensemble Learning method. Studies report that CXR images contain likelihood information of the drug resistance which can be utilized computationally. Initially, are subjected lung fields segmentation Reaction Diffusion ...

With a projected 382.4 per 100,000 people expected to suffer from some form of malignant neoplasm in 2015, improving treatment is an essential focus of cancer research today. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) is the leading cause of chemotherapeutic failure in the treatment of cancer, the term denoting a characteristic of the disease-causing agent to avoid damage by drugs designed to bring about thei...

mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is the causative agent of tuberculosis. the increasing incidence of multi drug resistance tuberculosis (mdr-tb) and extensively drug resistance tuberculosis (xdr-tb) worldwide highlighted the urgent need to search for alternative antimycobacterial agents. more and more people in developing countries utilize traditional medicine for their major primary health car...

BACKGROUND The results obtained so far in studies designed to neutralize P glycoprotein (PGP)-related multidrug resistance (MDR) by using MDR reversal agents, have not yet fulfilled the promise of the experiments which were performed in vitro. In order to improve PGP-related MDR neutralization, we tested in vitro the activity of the cyclosporine derivative SDZ PSC 833 (PSC) together with doxoru...

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is an emerging nosocomial pathogen causing serious complications due to the propensity of its multi-drug resistant property. Due to the indiscriminate and wide-spread use of antibiotics, A. baumannii strains emerge as MDR-Ab, XDR-Ab and in recent years pan-DR-Ab strains. Routine therapy incorporates the application of fewer antibiotics and antibiotic surveill...

BACKGROUND While the high burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) itself is a matter of great concern, the emergence and rise of advanced forms of drug-resistance such as extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) and extremely drug-resistant TB (XXDR-TB) is more troubling. The aim of this study was to investigate the trends over time of patterns of drug resistance in a sample of MDR-TB...