data envelopment analysis (dea) is a nonparametric approach to estimate relative efficiency of decision making units (dmus). dea and is one of the best quantitative approach and balanced scorecard (bsc) is one of the best qualitative method to measure efficiency of an organization. since simultaneous evaluation of network performance of the quad areas of bsc model is considered as a necessity a...

We propose a new method of progressive transmission of continuous tone images using multi-level error diffusion method. Assuming that the pixels are ordered and the error is diffused to later pixels, multi-level error-diffused images are resolved into a multiple number of bit planes. In an image with 8 bits per pixel, the number of the bit planes that we construct is 9, and the 2-level, 3-level...

The interaction of a 2 MeV proton beam with an ultrathin unbent Si crystal was studied through simulation and experiment. Crystal thickness along the beam was set at 92 nm, i.e., at half the oscillation wavelength of the protons in the crystal under planar channeling condition. As the nominal beam direction is inclined by less than the critical angle for planar channeling with respect to the cr...

in this study, under the constraint of resource-saving and environment-friendliness objective, based on multi-agent genetic algorithm, multi-objective spatial optimization (moso) model for land use allocation was developed from the view of simulating the biological autonomous adaptability to environment and the competitive-cooperative relationship. the model was applied to solve the practical m...

The title compound, C(15)H(24)N(2)O(2), crystallizes with two unique mol-ecules, (I) and (II), in the asymmetric unit, differing in the orientation of the acryloyl units with respect to the piperidine rings. The acryl-amide units are essentially planar in both mol-ecules (r.m.s. deviations = 0.042 and 0.024 Å, respectively), as are the C(3)N chains of the acryloyl units. The carbonyl O atoms of...

In the title compound, C(15)H(19)N(3)O(6), the amide planes are inclined at dihedral angles of 0.8 (6) and 12.1 (3)° with respect to the central pyridine ring. The mean planes of the corresponding methyl acetate groups form dihedral angles of 41.76 (13) and 86.48 (15)°, respectively with the mean plane of pyridine ring. A pair of weak intra-molecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds generate an S(5)S(5) ri...

In the title compound, C(20)H(14), a naphthalene ring system is linked at the 2-position to the 2-C atom of the five-membered ring of an azulene unit. The compound crystallizes with two reasonably similar mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. Neither mol-ecule is perfectly planar: the r.m.s. deviations from the best fit planes through all non-H atoms are 0.092 and 0.091 Å for the two mol-ecules. T...

The title compound, C(10)H(8)I(3)NO(4), crystallizes with two mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. The I atoms and the benzene ring plane in the two mol-ecules are approximately coplanar, the I atoms deviating by -0.1631 (1), 0.0704 (1) and -0.0507 (1) Å from the mean plane of the benzene ring in one mol-ecule and by 0.1500 (1), -0.0034 (1) and -0.1213 (1) Å in the other. The planes of the ester ...