In model checking, abstractions can cause spurious results, which need to be verified in the concrete system to gain conclusive results. Verification based on multi-valued model checking can distinguish conclusive and inconclusive results, while increasing precision over traditional two-valued overand under-abstractions. This paper describes the theory and implementation of multi-valued model c...

The complexity of todays hardware systems steadily increases. Due to this fact new ways of efficiently describing systems are investigated. A very promising approach in this area is SystemC which is a C++-library. To take advantage of SystemC in the multi-valued domain, the concept of multi-valued logic has to be embedded in SystemC. In this paper such a concept is introduced and details of the...

Counterexamples explain why a desired temporal logic property fails to hold, and as such are considered to be the most useful form of output from model-checkers. Multi-valued model-checking, introduced in [4] is an extension of classical model-checking. Instead of classical logic, it operates on elements of a given De Morgan algebra, e.g. the Kleene algebra [14]. Multi-valued modelchecking has ...

Given a lattice (X,≤,∧,∨) we define a multi-valued operation ∧ which is analogous to a t-norm (i.e. it is commutative, associative, has one as a neutral element and is monotone). The operation is parametrized by the set Q, hence we actually obtain an entire family of such multi-valued t-norms. Similarly we define a family of multi-valued t-conorms ∨ . We show that, when P, Q are chosen appropri...

Developing a model based digital human meridian system is one of the interesting ways of understanding and improving acupuncture treatment, safety analysis for acupuncture operation, doctor training, or treatment scheme evaluation. In accomplishing this task, how to construct a proper model to describe the behavior of human meridian systems is one of the very important issues. From experiments,...

In this paper we explore how the seminal Dung’s abstract argumentation framework can be extended to handle arguments containing gradual concepts. We allow arguments to have a degree of truth associated with them and we investigate the degree of truth to which each argument can be considered accepted, rejected and undecided by an abstract argumentation semantics. We propose a truth-compositional...

2 General theory 3 2.1 Semantics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.2 Some logical calculi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.2.1 Sequent and tableau calculi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2.2 Resolution calculi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

Multi-valued logics can be effectively used to reason about incomplete and/or inconsistent systems, e.g. during early software requirements or as the systems evolve. In our earlier work we identified a useful family of multi-valued logics: those specified over finite distributive lattices where negation preserves involution, i.e., , , -/.0for every element of the logic. Model-checking over this...

A great deal of recent theoretical work in inference has involved extending classical logic in some way. I argue that these extensions share two properties: firstly, the formal addition of truth values encoding intermediate levels of validity between true (i.e., valid) and false (i.e., invalid) and, secondly, the addition of truth values encoding intermediate levels of certainty between true or...

In this article, we introduce a perturbed system of generalized mixed quasi-equilibrium-like problems involving multi-valued mappings in Hilbert spaces. To calculate the approximate solutions of the perturbed system of generalized multi-valued mixed quasi-equilibrium-like problems, firstly we develop a perturbed system of auxiliary generalized multi-valued mixed quasi-equilibrium-like problems,...