Connectionist approaches to word learning and word recognition imply that the units of lexical representation are not part of a fixed architecture. If the size of stored units is determined by extracting co-occurrence regularities, then we expect the lexicon to include multi-word units which have become entrenched due to repeated use. Experiments using Reicher's two-alternative forced-choice pr...

This article introduces a quantitative method for identifying newly emerging word forms in large time-stamped corpora of natural language and then describes an analysis of lexical emergence in American social media using this method, based on a multi-billionword corpus of Tweets collected between October 2013 and November 2014. In total 29 emerging word forms, which represent various semantic c...

Our main research focus this year was on the use of multi-word units (MWU) in query expansion. MWUs comprise a number of lexical units, such as named entities (“United Nations”), nominal compounds (“amusement park”), etc. Although MWUs can belong to different parts of speech, our focus was on nominal MWUs. We used a combined syntactico-statistical approach for selecting nominal MWUs. In the fir...

Word segmentation is a process to divide a sentence into meaningful units called “word unit” [ISO/DIS 24614-1]. What is a word unit is judged by principles for its internal integrity and external use constraints. A word unit’s internal structure is bound by principles of lexical integrity, unpredictability and so on in order to represent one syntactically meaningful unit. Principles for externa...

This study investigates speech comprehension in competing multi-talker babble. We examined the effects of number of simultaneous talkers and of frequency of words in the babble on lexical decision to target words. Results revealed better performance at a low talker number (n = 2). Importantly, frequency of words in the babble significantly affected performance: high frequency word babble interf...

The article deals with the semantic and valence modifications of three phraseological units: leżeć i kwiczeć, mieć na pieńku grać pierwsze skrzypce. Initially, these units were connected personal nouns only appeared in multi-word lexical ktoś leży kwiczy (‘someone is a predicament, has no choice’), ma z kimś wants to complain about something somebody, someone bears grudge against someone) gra s...

Resumen. Lexical functions formalize semantic and syntactic relations between lexical units, given that meaning of an individual word largely depends on various relations connecting it to other words in context. Collocational relation is a type of institutionalized lexical relations that holds between the base and its partner in a collocation in contrast to free word combination where both word...

Multiword units significantly contribute to the robustness of MT systems as they reduce the inevitable ambiguity inherent in word to word matching. The paper focuses on a relatively little studied kind of MW units which are partially fixed and partially productive. In fact, MW units will be shown to form a continuum between completely frozen expression where the lexical elements are specified a...

In models of visual word recognition that incorporate an interactive activation framework, activation spreads from orthographic and phonological units to semantic units and from semantic units back to phonological and orthographic units. The present research examined whether semantic feedback changes over the time course of lexical processing and as a function of stimulus quality. Using a media...

The article describes the derivational differentiation of proper nouns (onomastic units) from appellative lexicon, their specific features, conversion (lexical-semantic) method word formation and within scientific interpretation this method, onomastic its simple different aspects, toponyms in Uzbek language by conversion, toponymization (toponymization) appellatives are highlighted on basis evi...