The incidence of multiple pregnancies has increased due to Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART) in the last decades. National data German birth registry show that before ART was introduced, twin rate 10 1,000 births.

The aim of this population-based cohort study was to evaluate prenatal and child outcome and costs resulting from prenatal and neonatal care after in vitro fertilization (IVF) in comparison to those after natural conception using a cohort of 304 IVF exposed children born between 1990–1995 in Northern Finland, and two cohorts of unexposed control children (I: n = 569, representing general popula...