Aging sarcopenia and muscular dystrophy (MD) are two conditions characterized by lower skeletal muscle quantity, lower muscle strength, and lower physical performance. Aging is associated with a peculiar alteration in body composition called "sarcopenic obesity" characterized by a decrease in lean body mass and increase in fat mass. To evaluate the presence of sarcopenia and obesity in a cohort...

PURPOSE Studies that have attributed gains in lean body mass to dietary supplementation during resistance exercise (RE) training have not reported these changes alongside adaptations at the cellular and subcellular levels. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of two popular supplements--whey protein (WP) and creatine monohydrate (CrM) (both separately and in combinati...

background: the present study was conducted to investigate the possible effects of l-carnitine and glutamine and their synergistic effects on male soccer athletes. methods: 28 male soccer players (21.1 ± 0.7 y) were enrolled in a randomized pre and post intervention, double-blind design. before the intervention, their performances were assessed by bruce protocol, and their body composition was ...

We examined the temporal relationship between portacaval anastomosis (PCA), weight gain, changes in skeletal muscle mass and molecular markers of protein synthesis, protein breakdown, and satellite cell proliferation and differentiation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats with end to side PCA (n=24) were compared with sham-operated pair-fed rats (n=24). Whole body weight, lean body mass, and forelimb gri...

BACKGROUND Age-related declines in lean body mass appear to be more rapid in men than in women but our understanding of muscle mass and function among different subgroups of men and their changes with age is quite limited. The objective of this analysis is to examine racial/ethnic differences and racial/ethnic group-specific cross-sectional age differences in measures of muscle mass, muscle str...

INTRODUCTION Age-related changes in muscle mass and muscle tissue composition contribute to diminished strength in older adults. The objectives of this study are to examine if an assessment method using mobile diagnostic ultrasound augments well-known determinants of lean body mass (LBM) to aid sarcopenia staging, and if a sonographic measure of muscle quality is associated with muscle performa...

OBJECTIVE To study activin signaling and its blockade in sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) through translational studies and a randomized controlled trial. METHODS We measured transforming growth factor β signaling by SMAD2/3 phosphorylation in muscle biopsies of 50 patients with neuromuscular disease (17 with sIBM). We tested inhibition of activin receptors IIA and IIB (ActRII) in 14 p...

PURPOSE We aimed to determine whether women consuming fat-free milk versus isoenergetic carbohydrate after resistance exercise would see augmented gains in lean mass and reductions in fat mass similar to what we observed in young men. METHODS Young women were randomized to drink either fat-free milk (MILK: n = 10; age (mean +/- SD) = 23.2 +/- 2.8 yr; BMI = 26.2 +/- 4.2 kg x m(-2)) or isoenerg...

Leptin and osteocalcin play a role in the regulation of the fat-bone axis and may be altered by exercise. To determine whether osteocalcin reduces fat mass in humans fed ad libitum and if there is a sex dimorphism in the serum osteocalcin and leptin responses to strength training, we studied 43 male (age 23.9 2.4 yr, mean +/- SD) and 23 female physical education students (age 23.2 +/- 2.7 yr). ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and tolerability of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor 1 (rhIGF-1) complexed with IGF binding protein 3 (rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3) in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). DESIGN Open-label dose-escalation clinical trial. SETTING University medical center. PARTICIPANTS Fifteen moderately affected ambulatory participants with genetically proven ...