The purpose of the study was to report the clinical and surgical records of perineal hernia and associated rectal pathology with epidural morphine analgesia in 41 dogs. Fourty one dogs suffered from perineal hernia were included into the study with the age varied from 4.5 to 16 years. Eleven dogs had bilateral while the other 30 had unilateral (17 right, 13 left) perineal hernia. The clinical s...

A posteromedian muscle ridge is found in the left ventricle between the two atrioventricular valves in congenital malformations of the heart, where malalignment exists between the ventricular septum and the junction ofboth atrioventricular valve rings; this is seen in transposition with straddling tricuspid valve and double inlet ventricle with outflow chamber. In hearts with normal alignment o...

OBJECTIVES Retrospective clinical evaluation of 31 patients who underwent ulnar nerve decompression at the elbow and subcutaneous anterior transposition. METHODS From January 2000 to December 2013, 71 patients underwent subcutaneous anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve. Thirty-one patients returned for evaluation. The mean follow-up period was 60 months. Patients were evaluated for the d...

OBJECTIVE To describe our results using augmented temporal superior rectus transposition (SRT) with adjustable medial rectus muscle recession (MRc) for treatment of Duane syndrome and sixth nerve palsy. METHODS Retrospective surgical case review of patients undergoing SRT. Preoperative and postoperative orthoptic measurements were recorded. Minimum follow-up was 6 weeks. Main outcome measures...

Dr. Nelson has no financial or proprietary interest in the materials presented herein. doi:10.3928/01913913-20171212-01 The treatment of small angle hypertropia in the primary position with inferior oblique overaction is often a dilemma for pediatric ophthalmologists. Some patients have a face turn and diplopia in the primary position as well as in side gaze. Prisms are often unsatisfactory bec...

In 16 male dogs who suffered from perineal hernia, polypropylene mesh was used to close a defect in the pelvic diaphragm. Pelvic bone was drilled on the pelvic floor and mesh was sutured through holes by polypropylene suture. Strong pelvic diaphragm, good long-term results and time-sparing by this technique was achieved. Suture sinuses were developed in two dogs one month postoperatively. Objec...

Five patients underwent a muscle union procedure with medial rectus recession. The mean preoperative esotropia in the primary position was 51.0 ± 20.1 prism diopters [PD] (range: 20 to 75 PD). The mean follow-up period was 6.2 ± 2.1 months (range: 3 to 8 months). The mean decrease in esotropia in the primary position was 49.0 ± 18.0 PD (range: 18 PD to 63 PD). The mean postoperative angle in th...

The results of grafts performed in the larva of the beetle Tenebrio molitor reveal that the position at which certain adult muscle attachments form is specified by a regulative, rather than a mosaic, mechanism. The results of grafts involving the rotation of squares of integument through 180 degrees or 90 degrees, or the antero-posterior transposition of two adjacent rectangles of integument, s...