According to a view implicit in much of twentieth-century philosophy of language, linguistic communication conforms to the following model: a speaker has a thought—say, a belief that Fichte was a philosopher—which she would like to convey to her audience. This thought has a certain proposition as its content, a proposition which we might specify using the ‘that’-clause ‘that Fichte was a philos...

It is well-documented that Muslims experience economic disadvantages in Western European labor markets. However, few studies comprehensively test individual-level explanations for the Muslim employment gap. Using data from the European Social Survey, this research note briefly examines the role of individual-level differences between Muslims and non-Muslims in mediating employment differences. ...

This paper examines the changing nature of ethnic and religious identification in Malaysia, drawing upon a survey of attitudes conducted in three locations in Malaysia. The paper argues that the widely perceived political shift from a prevailing ethnic Malay/non-Malay dichotomy towards a more religious Muslim/non-Muslim dichotomy is more complex that previous analyses have suggested. Moreover, ...

in this paper we try to give a description of the juridical status of religious minorities, muslim or otherwise, in the constitution of the islamic republic of iran. we also deal with the question of whether non-muslim minorities are free to perform their religious practices and the extent of their freedom.

A comparative study on anthropometric measurements and adiposity indices among adult (18 23 years) Hindu (n=100) and Muslim (n=100) females showed significant difference (p<0.001) except maximum hip circumference. The study also revealed that Hindu females had higher overall and abdominal fat deposition than Muslim females. Comparison of body mass index cut off values (WHO, 1995) revealed that ...

Are Muslim immigrants subjected to targeted opposition (i.e., Islamophobia) on their pathway to US citizenship? Using a list experiment and a representative sample of the US population, we compare explicit and implicit opposition to Muslim and Christian immigrants. We find that Muslim immigrants, relative to Christian immigrants, experience greater explicit resistance. However, when social desi...

Fritz Heider was a wanderer, someone who liked to survey and take the measure of whatever he encountered. In his formative years, he was a wanderer in the geographical sense — hiking in his beloved Austrian mountains and traveling throughout much of Europe. In his professional years, he was a wanderer in the intellectual sense — taking daily walks for the purpose of analyzing a difficult concep...