circumstances and development of Muslim nations has been the subject of intense debate among Muslims and non-Muslims alike. Western critics of Islam or “Islamic civilization,” such as Bernard Lewis (1990) and Samuel Huntington (1993), have decried its economic irrationality, incompatibility with democracy, and failure to separate religion and state; while scholars such as Edward Said (2001:11) ...

The murder of Theo van Gogh in 2004 shocked Dutch society. Soon after, debates emerged about the nature of Islam and whether Islam is compatible with ‘Dutch’ democracy and freedoms. There were those among Muslims who praised Mohammed Bouyeri’s actions for being, as he claimed, an expression of true faith, while others condemned the attack as being against the true nature of Islam. Such utteranc...

The present paper addresses the motives that make some inhabitants of Spanish province Granada converted to Islam leave it after time. We have approached this reality using grounded theory and conducting nineteen in-depth interviews. Two main conclusions are all interviewees were under great pressure due expectations Muslims they interacted with—partners, family, people from Muslim associations...

the leaders of the soviet :union: adopted atheist and anti-religious policies toward muslim nations during decades of ruling over central asia; the polices that posed a threat to the existence of muslims. following the outbreak of second world war, the government of the soviet :union: was forced to revise its hostile policies toward muslims and establish muslim religious department also known a...

this article is going to criticize both theories of forcefully entry, and of kindly entry, of islam into qum. three points will be proved through this article: a) arab triumph in qum was difficult and qumian people resisted muslims, but this does not mean that islam entrance to qum was by force and violence ; b) in addition to knowledge and comprehension factor, there were social, economical an...

the issue of transmission of hadith, in western views, is an influential factor concerning the historical reliability of hadith. many western scholars dealing with muslim tradition assumed that in the main the hadith had been transmitted orally and consequently through the oral transmission process, it has been distorted and changed. the reason for this idea is the existence of some prophetic h...

This article discusses the historical role of Islam in the political evolution of Guinea in the broader context of Muslims’ experience of nation/state building and globalization in Africa. This role is examined on the premise that Islam is one of the major globalizing forces (more in the body of the paper on this idea of Islam as a globalizing force) responsible for the formation of what expert...

In this paper, an investigation on the relation between state-building and Near Eastern religion is attempted. Analyzing the city-state of Ḥaṭrā (Iraq, close to Kirkuk), it is demonstrated that pre-Islamic state craft in the region was dependent on the initiative of the Parthian monarchy in Iran. The kings of the Arsacid dynasty attempted to bestow the local Arabic tribes in the Jazira with a c...

Purpose Statement " The Remembrance of God is greater than what follows " This Guidebook outlines some of the significant aspects of Islamic Environmental Health Ethics to be used by individuals, organizations (governmental and non-governmental agencies), as well as all concerned parties seeking to improve the environmental health situation of the Muslim world. Through Islamic principles, this ...