the aim of this study was to use site directed mutagenesis technique to construct a vector in which serine363 and serine375 residues of the cooh-terminal portion of the μ-opioid receptor (mor) were substituted by alanine. these constructs are essential in studying g-protein coupled receptor kinase-mediated mor desensiti-zation. the nested pcr carried out for conversion of serine363 and serine37...

Retrovirus population diversity within infected hosts is commonly high due in part to elevated rates of replication, mutation, and recombination. This high genetic diversity often complicates the development of effective diagnostics, vaccines, and antiviral drugs. This review highlights the diverse vectors and approaches that have been used to examine mutation and recombination in retroviruses....