Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health problem and has been declared “a global emergency” by the World Health Organization. The failures of the currently available vaccine against TB, i.e. Mycobacterium bovis BCG, to impart consistent protection against TB, have led to the need for alternative vaccines. The low molecular weight major antigenic proteins, i.e. PE35, CFP10 and ESAT6, encoded b...

INTRODUCTION In people infected with both HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the annual risk of developing active tuberculosis is 5% to 10% - more than 10 times the rate for HIV-negative people with M tuberculosis infection. Untreated, mortality from tuberculosis in people with HIV is likely to be high, and over 5% of people relapse after successful treatment. METHODS AND OUTCOMES We conduct...

To improve the feasibility of soil-aquifer remediation using bioaugmentation, more efficient methods are needed to widely disperse pollutant-degrading bacteria in porous media. Under water-saturated conditions, bacteria readily adhere to soil particles, but under unsaturated conditions, bacteria preferentially accumulate at the air-water interface. Air sparging a saturated porous medium produce...

The membership list of genus mycobacterium is ever expanding and it has grown to 95 in year 2003. While leprosy and tuberculosis are specific diseases caused by mycobacteria, other members are usually saprophytes but can be opportunistic and at times deadly pathogens. These other mycobacteria are referred to as atypical mycobacteria, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) or mycobacteria other than...