Tree felling around a chicken coop and periodic insecticide spraying at the Palmital farm in the county of Terra Boa in southern Brazil impacted the ecology of sand fly species. The most prevalent species (51.6%) before clearing the trees and insecticide spraying was Lutzomyia migonei (França, 1920), and it is now Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho, 1939) (89.8%). There was a hi...

What is color? Of course, examples of colorful objects are not hard to come by (Fig. 1 provides numerous examples), so the question itself is slightly puzzling, suggesting that some confusion needs to be cleared up or ignorance enlightened. But how could anyone (who isn't blind or totally lacking in color vision) possibly be confused about what color is? After all, if we learn anything about th...

The present study aimed to investigate the phenol content and antioxidant activity of a non-conventional Curcuma sp. namely, Curcuma caesia in comparison with another species, Curcuma amada. The total phenol contents of the methanolic rhizome extracts of C. amada and C. caesia were 37.64 and 44.33 mg Tannic acid equivalents (TAE)/g dry material, respectively. The reducing power, and superoxide,...

Background Al Rabta is a rural area in the North-West of Libya that represents an important focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Ultra Low Volume (ULV) applications in controlling sand flies and its impact on leishmaniasis transmission in this area. Methods Two neighboring villages were selected: Al Rabta West (RW) as cypermethrin treated villa...

Salinity is one of the most abiotic stress destructive factors which limit growth and production of date palm offshoots considerably. In order to investigate the effects of antioxidant compounds on growth parameters as indicters to salt tolerance at the date palm offshoots cultivars of Kabkab (female) and Ghannami ahmer (male). Experiment was conducted with seven treatments and four replication...

The cost of permethrin-treated bednets (50% EC; 0.2 g/m2, 2 rounds per year) was compared to the cost of residual spraying with lambdacyhalothrin 10% WP (0.03 g/m2, once yearly) in Hoa Binh, a mountainous province in northern Vietnam. Calculations of the amounts of insecticides needed were based on national guidelines, on data from a cross-sectional survey and on district activity reports. The ...