Centrifugal separations can be classified into three categories, namely differential pelleting, rate-zonal centrifugation and isopycnic centrifugation. Although differential pelleting is the most widely used technique, it has only a limited potential for providing the investigator with purified material. Thus only the last two techniques, both of which involve separations on density gradients, ...

This paper presents a nonlinear approach for data reconciliation. The advantages of this approach over the conventional extended Kalman filtering (EKF) are namely, less linearization errors are generated in the process, and secondly the choice of the objective function is flexible. In this work, two probability density functions, namely the Logistic and Lorentz distribution are proposed as the ...

We argue that the energy density of a light scalar field should not be less than H in the inflationary Universe. This requirement implies that the nonGaussianity parameter fNL is bounded by the tensor-scalar ratio r from above, namely fNL < 522·r 1 4 . If fNL = 10 , inflation occurred around the GUT scale.

A patient with an intrasplenic abscess diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound is presented. The characteristic findings of a gas-containing abscess, namely, a low density mass on CT coupled with an echo-free lesion associated with distal acoustical shadowing, are described.

We discuss the dynamics of a quintessence model involving two coupled scalar fields. The model presents two types of solutions, namely solutions that correspond to eternal and transient acceleration of the universe. In both cases, we obtain values for the cosmological parameters that satisfy current observational bounds as well as the nucleosynthesis constraint on the quintessence energy density.

abstract during 2007 and 2008, a survey on species diversity of acari associated with pistachio trees and seasonal dynamics of the dominant injurious species was conducted in mahvelat region for the first time. 8 varieties of pistachio including akbari, owhadi, badami, barg siah, ghermez, kalah ghochi, germeh and momtaz, commonly grown in the region were compared in terms of infestation to the ...

In the framework of a microscopic model for intersubband gain from electrically pumped quantum-dot structures we investigate electrically pumped quantum-dots as active material for a mid-infrared quantum cascade laser. Our previous calculations have indicated that these structures could operate with reduced threshold current densities while also achieving a modal gain comparable to that of quan...

In this work we shall give a probabilistic interpretation of possibilistic expected value, variance, covariance and correlation. 1 Probability and possibility In probability theory, the dependency between two random variables can be characterized through their joint probability density function. Namely, if X and Y are two random variables with probability density functions fX(x) and fY (y), res...

The removal of Reactive Black 5 dye in an aqueous solution by electrocoagulation (EC) as well as addition of flocculant was investigated. The effect of operational parameters, i.e. current density, treatment time, solution conductivity and polymer dosage, was investigated. Two models, namely the artificial neural network (ANN) and the response surface method (RSM), were used to model the effect...

In this correspondence, we compare the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm with another iterative approach, namely, the iterative conditional estimation (ICE) algorithm, which was formally introduced in the field of statistical segmentation of images. We show that in case the probability density function (PDF) belongs to the exponential family, the EM algorithm is one particular case of the...