Children struggle with the interpretation of pronouns in direct speech (Ann said, "I get a cookie"), but not in indirect speech (Ann said that she gets a cookie) (Köder & Maier, 2016). Yet children's books consistently favor direct over indirect speech (Baker & Freebody, 1989). To reconcile these seemingly contradictory findings, we hypothesize that the poor performance found by Köder and Maier...

survey on quranic lexicons dates back to the early years and decades of early islam. abdollah ibn 'abbas can be considered the most famous and outstanding quranic interpreter of all the prophet's companions with the exception of imam ali. some like ignaz goldziher - bringing up a number of illusions and without considering the so many firm and obvious proofs and evidences confirming t...

Most popular models of narratives and narrative analyses have been drawn on native stories, yet EFL learners’ narratives have not received due narrative analysis. The present study then aims at scrutinizing the structure of personal English stories as told by EFL learners. To this aim, three hundred narratives were collected through classroom discussions and interviews. Qualitative analysis met...

experiment-based report of imam ali (peace upon him) to be knowing god lead to revoke the out goings and opening the shuttings is a new way in theology. encountering the commentators of nahj-al-balaghah with this narration is the current / present research’s matter. they define and comprise their common and different status in understanding imam ali’s (peace be upon him) speeches. they analize ...

This article attempts to present and illustrate the term intertextuality as a concept method that can offer framework for analysis interpretation of short stories or life stories. Intertextuality, one central concepts in study culture, is particularly suited qualitative research, which focuses on subjectivity narrator, story listener/researcher, well relative indefinite dimension knowledge. How...