During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) (~20,000 years ago), sea level was lower than that during present day by 120 m and heads of most submarine canyons were close or connected to coastline shore, with enhanced terrestrial sediment input due direct connections river mouths. This followed a relative sea-level rise migration coastlines landward. As result, some paleo-submarine no longer near mout...

Alluvial gully erosion is a likely key sediment source into many large rivers in tropical Australia. This type of gullying differs fundamentally to the generally accepted gully model from Southern Australia, in that it is found exclusively within alluvium and can propagate entirely as a result of basal sapping. The process is found to varying degrees within alluvial river types along most Gulf ...

BACKGROUND Native Amazonian populations managed forest resources in numerous ways, often creating oligarchic forests dominated by useful trees. The scale and spatial distribution of forest modification beyond pre-Columbian settlements is still unknown, although recent studies propose that human impact away from rivers was minimal. We tested the hypothesis that past human management of the usefu...

1. Society benefits immeasurably from rivers. Yet over the past century, humans have changed rivers dramatically, threatening river health. As a result, societal well-being is also threatened because goods and services critical to human society are being depleted. 2. `Health' Ð shorthand for good condition (e.g. healthy economy, healthy communities) Ð is grounded in science yet speaks to citize...

It was found that the build-up of simuliid numbers subsequent to the construction of dams in the Vaal and Orange Rivers could be successfully prevented by periodic, artificially controlled reductions in the water-levels in these rivers.

Anomalous transport of heat and particles is known to be a key issue for fusion devices. In the present paper the anomalous transport of fast ions is investigated. High transit frequencies of the fast ions lead to the assumption that there is only very weak interaction with the low-frequency turbulence. However, our results indicate a significant fast ion particle transport due to the turbulenc...

A method for the analysis of 10 perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in whole fish homogenate is presented and applied to 60 fish samples collected from the Ohio, Missouri, and upper Mississippi Rivers in 2005. Method accuracy ranged between 86 and 125% with limits of quantitation between 0.2 and 10 ng/g wet weight. Intra- and inter-batch precision was generally +/-20%. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PF...

Stable nitrogen isotopes were used to assess the effects of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) upgrades on the utilisation of sewage-N by estuarine biota in Moreton Bay, Australia. We measured delta(15)N of filamentous algae, mangrove leaves and shore crabs at the Brisbane and Logan Rivers before and after scheduled WWTP upgrades, and at two reference rivers where WWTPs had been upgraded >4 year...