introduction: the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite activated with laser in removing of the smear layer in the apical, middle, and coronal segments of root canal walls by scanning electron microscopy analysis. methods: sixty single-rooted human mandibular teeth were decoronated to a standardized length. the samples were prepared by ...

introduction: dentine hypersensitivity (dh) is characterized by a short sharp pain arising from the exposed dentine, in response to a thermal, evaporative, tactile, osmotic or chemical stimulus. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of nd:yag laser therapy and desensitizing gel (sensikin®, laboratorios kin s.a., barcelona, spain) in treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. methods: a...

The nuclear pore complex (NPC) has long been viewed as a point-like entry and exit channel between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. New data support a different view whereby the complex displays distinct spatial dynamics of variable duration ranging from milliseconds to events spanning the entire cell cycle. Discrete interaction sites outside the central channel become apparent, and transport reg...

Nd-based pyrochlore oxides of the form Nd$_{2}B_{2}$O$_{7}$ have garnered a significant amount interest owing to moment fragmentation physics observed in Nd$_{2}$Zr$_{2}$O$_{7}$ and speculated Nd$_{2}$Hf$_{2}$O$_{7}$. Notably this phenomenon is not ubiquitous family, as it absent Nd$_{2}$Sn$_{2}$O$_{7}$, which features smaller ionic radius on $B$-site. Here, we explore necessary conditions for ...

Nd-based pyrochlore oxides of the form Nd$_{2}B_{2}$O$_{7}$ have garnered a significant amount interest owing to moment fragmentation physics observed in Nd$_{2}$Zr$_{2}$O$_{7}$ and speculated Nd$_{2}$Hf$_{2}$O$_{7}$. Notably this phenomenon is not ubiquitous family, as it absent Nd$_{2}$Sn$_{2}$O$_{7}$, which features smaller ionic radius on $B$-site. Here, we explore necessary conditions for ...

The vertebrate nuclear pore complex (NPC) is a macromolecular assembly of protein subcomplexes forming a structure of eightfold radial symmetry. The NPC core consists of globular subunits sandwiched between two coaxial ring-like structures of which the ring facing the nuclear interior is capped by a fibrous structure called the nuclear basket. By postembedding immunoelectron microscopy, we have...

We report the cDNA deduced primary structure of a wheat germ agglutinin-reactive nuclear pore complex (NPC) protein of rat. The protein, termed Nup98 (for nucleoporin of 98 kDa), contains numerous GLFG and FG repeats and some FXFG repeats and is thus a vertebrate member of a family of GLFG nucleoporins that were previously discovered in yeast. Immunoelectron microscopy showed Nup98 to be asymme...

Ultrathin sections of Lowicryl K4M embedded cultured 3T3 cells, human keratinocytes and mouse/rat liver tissue were incubated with polyspecific primary antibodies against p62 and other nucleoporins followed by 10 nm gold labeled secondary antibodies. By quantitatively evaluating both cross sections and tangential sections of the NPC, we found that irrespective of the cell type antibodies predom...