Among topics in the field of pragmatics, some seem to be in a more rigorous need of investigation. Pragmatic assessment and specifically the issue of pragmatic rating are among issues which deserve more thorough consideration. The purpose of this study was to examine rater criteria and its consistency and variability in the assessment of Iranian EFL learners’ production of compliments based on ...

optimal allocation of research funds based on research priorities; mobilization of existing research capacities and capabilities in small and medium enterprises and supporting enterprises to respond to research needs; create the necessary conditions for applying the research results and findings from necessary research projects; prospective study in research and avoid instantaneous and non-stra...

pragmatic assessment and consistency in rating are among the subject matters which are still in need of more profound investigations. the importance of the issue is highlighted when remembering that inconsistency in ratings would surely damage the test fairness issue in assessment and lead to much diversity in ratings. our principal concern in this study was observing the criteria that american...

The objective of the present study is to identify similarity and dissimilarity in the perception of the taxpayers regarding the returns and assessment aspects under VAT in Assam and to locate the issues of similarity and differences in the perception. The study is based on the primary data collected from the taxpayers of Tinsukia town of Assam by the means of questionnaire. It is found that the...

In order to adequately understand the process of risk management, the best approach would be to start with a defi nition of risk. Although there are varied defi nitions, there are some common threads; uncertainty, potential for harm, and potential for loss are a few examples. The U.S. Fire Administration1 defi nes risk as the objective or subjective probability that something negative will occu...