Primary cavity-nesting birds play a critical role in forest ecosystems by excavating cavities later used by other birds and mammals as nesting or roosting sites. Several species of cavity-nesting birds are non-migratory residents and consequently subject to winter conditions. We conducted winter bird counts from 1998 to 2000 to examine the abundance and habitat association of cavity-nesting bir...

Female green turtles exhibit strong nest-site fidelity as adults, but whether the nesting beach is the natal site is not known. Under the natal homing hypothesis, females return to their natal beach to nest, whereas under the social facilitation model, virgin females follow experienced breeders to nesting beaches and after a "favorable" nesting experience, fix on that site for future nestings. ...

......................................................................................viii Publications and presentations.............................................................x Acknowledgements...........................................................................xi Chapter 1: Sleep-related activities of monkeys and the great apes..................1 1.1 Biological functions and deter...

We consider several natural fragments of the alternating-time temporal logics ATL* and ATL with restrictions on the nesting between temporal operators and strategic quantifiers. We develop optimal decision procedures for satisfiability in these fragments, showing that they have much lower complexities than the full languages. In particular, we prove that the satisfiability problem for state for...

The 65th Medical Brigade and Public Health Command District-Korea, in collaboration with the Migratory Bird Research Center, National Park Research Institute, conducted migratory bird tick surveillance at Sogugul and Gaerin Islands (small rocky bird nesting sites), Jeollanam-do (Province), Republic of Korea (ROK), on 30 July and 1 August 2009. Breeding seabirds captured by hands in their nestin...

The present work aims to find an efficient and fast method for the nesting of two-dimensional Irregular or regular parts in an irregular or regular sheet using genetic and heuristic algorithms, with a view to maximizing the utilization of the sheet material. The proposed genetic algorithm gives out the best sequence and orientation of parts, using which the given heuristic generates a nested pa...

Identifying environmental parameters that influence probability of nest predation is important for developing and implementing effective management strategies for species of conservation concern. We estimated daily nest survival for a migratory population of burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) breeding in black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies in Wyoming, USA. We compared esti...

1. Habitat selection has profound ecological and evolutionary consequences. For example, there may be strong selection for nest-site choice such that oviparous females, lacking parental care, may adaptively manipulate their offspring survival or phenotype. Alternatively, nesting decisions may be a passive by-product of other processes leading to similar nonrandom nesting patterns. 2. Here we ex...

Hatchling sex ratios in the loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta were estimated by placing electronic temperature recorders in seven nests at Kuriat islands (Tunisia) during the 2013 nesting season. Based on the mean temperatures during the middle third of the incubation period, and on incubation duration, the sex ratio of hatchlings at Kuriat islands was highly male-biased. Presently, the majorit...

Conditional logics, introduced by Lewis and Stalnaker, have been utilized in artiicial intelligence to capture a broad range of phenomena. In this paper we examine the complexity of several variants discussed in the literature. We show that, in general, deciding satis-ability is PSPACE-complete for formulas with arbitrary conditional nesting and NP-complete for formulas with bounded nesting of ...