Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is due to the vascular compression of facial nerve at its root exit zone (REZ). Microvascular decompression (MVD) near REZ an effective and curative treatment for HFS. Since cochlear lies directly adjacent nerve, postoperative hearing loss frequently occurs during MVD surgery However, rate has decreased since introducing intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring (IONM) b...

Millennia ago Pythagoras noted a simple but remarkably powerful rule for the aesthetics of tone combinations: pairs of tones--intervals--with simple ratios such as an octave (ratio 2 : 1) or a fifth (ratio 3 : 2) were pleasant sounding (consonant), whereas intervals with complex ratios such as the major seventh (ratio 243 : 128) were harsh (dissonant). These Pythagorean ratio rules are the buil...

Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring (IONM) is a battery of neurophysiologic tests used to assess the functional integrity of the spinal cord, nerve roots, and other peripheral nervous system structures (eg, brachial plexus) during spinal surgery. The underlying principle of IONM is to identify emerging insult to nervous system structures, pathways, and/or related vascular supply and to p...

This review paper describes an "acoustic-phonetic" experimental approach aimed at understanding normal and abnormal speech perception processes from both a behavioral and an electrophysiologic perspective. First, we consider the relevant acoustic characteristics of speech and identify a set of acoustic-phonetic classes that represent the parameters most important for making an acoustic signal s...

A unifying theory of general anesthetic-induced unconsciousness must explain the common mechanism through which various anesthetic agents produce unconsciousness. Functional-brain-imaging data obtained from 11 volunteers during general anesthesia showed specific suppression of regional thalamic and midbrain reticular formation activity across two different commonly used volatile agents. These f...

BACKGROUND Holmes tremor (HT) is an irregular, low-frequency rest tremor associated with prominent action and postural tremors. Currently, the most effective stereotactic target and neurophysiologic characterization of HT, specifically local field potentials (LFPs) are uncertain. We present the outcome, intraoperative neurophysiologic analysis with characterization of LFPs in a patient managed ...

We have been studying whether the simultaneous expression of EEG-derived cognitive measures by different members of a team could be used to complement verbal communication streams for constructing such teamwork models. In this approach the values of a cognitive measure at any point in time are aggregated across the team members into a vector that is then clustered / classified by artificial neu...