The greenhouse gas (GHG) impact of composting a range of potential feedstocks was evaluated through a review of the existing literature with a focus on methane (CH(4)) avoidance by composting and GHG emissions during composting. The primary carbon credits associated with composting are through CH(4) avoidance when feedstocks are composted instead of landfilled (municipal solid waste and biosoli...

June 30, 1908, 7:14 a.m., central Siberia—Semen Semenov, a local farmer, saw “the sky split in two. Fire appeared high and wide over the forest. . . . From . . . where the fire was, came strong heat. . . . Then the sky shut closed, and a strong thump sounded, and I was thrown a few yards.... After that such noise came, as if . . . cannons were firing, the earth shook .. .” Such is the harrowing...

We present an early version of a complete Optical Character Recognition (OCR) system for Tamil magazine documents. All the standard elements of OCR process like deskewing, preprocessing, segmentation, character recognition and reconstruction are implemented. Experience with OCR problems teaches that for most subtasks involved in OCR, there is no single technique that gives perfect results for e...

Intensive forest management, with a heavy emphasis on ecosystem management and restoring or maintaining forest health, will result in the removal of smaller diameter materials from the forest. This increases the probability of higher juvenile wood content in the harvested materials. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of loblolly pine juvenile and mature wood unbleached the...

AIMS To substantiate the claim that low vision aids reduce the degree of disability associated with visual impairment. METHODS An observational study of vision, ocular pathology, age, sex, and reading ability in new referrals to a low vision clinic. Reading ability was assessed both with the patients' own spectacles and with an appropriate low vision aid. RESULTS The reading performance and...

Solid waste management is a growing problem in Malaysia. For this reason the government of Malaysia through the Ministry of Housing and Local Government (MOHLG) have taken various measures to promote recycling amongst its population. Recently, a nationwide campaign was launched to get the people to recycle their wastes. Recycling centers equipped with separate recycling bins for different recyc...

BACKGROUND Mass media influence public acceptability, and hence feasibility, of public health interventions. This study investigates newsprint constructions of the alcohol problem and minimum unit pricing (MUP). METHODS Quantitative content analysis of 901 articles about MUP published in 10 UK and Scottish newspapers between 2005 and 2012. RESULTS MUP was a high-profile issue, particularly ...

A merican democracy has been repeatedly buffeted by changes in media technology. In the 19th century, cheap newsprint and improved presses allowed partisan newspapers to expand their reach dramatically. Many have argued that the effectiveness of the press as a check on power was significantly compromised as a result (for example, Kaplan 2002). In the 20th century, as radio and then television b...

Over the past few years there has been a growing concern within the world’s scientific communities about access to scientific, technical, and medical (STM) literature. This concern has given rise to a movement within scientific and medical circles known as the “open-access” movement. Over the last 12 months, this concern has leapt from the acid-free pages of the world’s STM journals to the news...