background : propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol, pg) is a commonly used solvent for oral, intravenous, as well as topical pharmaceutical preparations. while pg is generally considered to be safe, it has been known that large intravenous doses given over a short period of time can be toxic. objective: to evaluate the effect of pg in sepsis induced by the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (lp...

Neurofilaments (NFs) are neuronal intermediate filaments composed of light (NF-L), middle (NF-M), and heavy (NF-H) subunits. NF-L self-assembles into a "core" filament with which NF-M or NF-H co-assembles to form the neuronal intermediate filament. Recent reports show that point mutations of the NF-L gene result in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). However, the most recently described rod doma...

Introduction: Evidence suggests that neuronal apoptosis in neurodegenerative diseases is correlated with inflammatory reactions. The beneficial or detrimental role of apoptosis in neuroinflammation is unclear. Elucidating this question may be helpful in management of neurodegenerative diseases. Since TNF-α is able to induce apoptosis as well as increased viability of the cells by activation ...

PURPOSE Transcription factors of the nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-kappaB) family have been demonstrated to play an important role in the regulation of gene expression in the chronic neurodegenerative disorders. The aims of the current study were to investigate the alteration of NF-kappaB activity during retinal degeneration in rd mice and further explore its role in photoreceptor apoptosis. ...

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is one of the main prerequisites to protect amphibian biological systems and support powerful administration choices. This research investigated applicability Shannon’s entropy theory correlation in obtaining combination optimum inputs, then abstracted input variables were used develop three novel intelligent hybrid models, namely, NF-GWO (neuro-fuzzy with grey wolf optimi...

Developing high-performing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts under high-current operation conditions is critical for future commercial applications of alkaline water electrolysis clean energy generation. Herein, we prepared a three-dimensional (3D) bimetallic oxyhydroxide hybrid grown on Ni foam (NiFeOOH/NF) by immersing (NF) into Fe(NO3)3 solution. In this unique 3D structure, t...

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the effects radiofrequency radiation (RFR) on apoptosis, proliferation, stress response, and inflammation markers in colorectal cancer cells. Methods We tested intermittent exposure RFR at different frequencies two cell lines; HCT-116 DLD-1. Protein levels were subsequently analyzed by ELISA. Results led a decrease P53, p-P53, p-P38, p...

Six configurations are proposed in this paper to explore the gain and noise figure (NF) variations under the pumping power effect. I propose a new investigation of gain and NF at different EDFA configurations. Configurations such as SPSS, DPSS, DPSSF, TPDS, TPDSF, and QPDSF are designed, investigated and compared. A continuous progress of gain values is observed from SPSS to QPDSF, and a change...

A novel nanofiltration membrane bioreactor (NF-MBR) was constructed by integrating a loosely structured hollow fiber into an aerobic activated sludge system. In order to verify the feasibility of loose NF bioreactor, parallel experiments conventional ultrafiltration (UF-MBR) and NF-MBR were conducted investigate process performances, fouling characteristics. The showed relatively high permeabil...