Northeast (NE) China covers three climatic zones and contains all the major forest types of NE Asia. We sampled 108 forest plots in six nature reserves across NE China to examine the influence of climate and local factors (canopy seasonality, successional stage, topography and forest structure) on geographic patterns of plant richness. We analyzed the relative effects of different factors at tw...

Primary topographic attributes play a critical role in determining watershed hydrologic characteristics for water resources modeling with raster-based digital elevation models (DEM). The effects of DEM resolution on a set of important topographic derivatives are examined in this study, including slope, upslope contributing area, flow length and watershed area. The focus of the study is on how s...

To facilitate downhill walking in transfemoral amputees, some prostheses contain knee joints that have a yielding mechanism. The aim of this case study was to investigate 1) at which gradient unilateral transfemoral (UTF) amputees first utilised the yielding mechanism, 2) whether this mechanism is linked to altered spatio-temporal parameters and 3) if the switch occurs at a different gradient w...

distribution and abundance of plants has been correlated with a variety of complex environmental gradients. environmental factors affect plants growth and need to be understood by ecosystem managers. this study was carried out to examine the relationships between site factors and different vascular and non-vascular plants in north of iran. for this purpose, vegetation and soil sampling was perf...

BACKGROUND There is limited knowledge of the extent of or factors underlying inequalities in uptake of childhood vaccination in Ireland. This paper aims to measure and decompose socioeconomic inequalities in childhood vaccination in the Republic of Ireland. METHODS The analysis was performed using data from the first wave of the Growing Up in Ireland survey, a nationally representative survey...

Shallow buried and unsymmetrically loaded tunnel is the most common type of mountain portal. Currently, studies mainly focus on stability side slope, while investigation deformation front slope after excavation relatively less. In this paper, influence gradient angle between portal was analyzed by FLAC3D. The results show that: When greater than 40°, caused larger with increase angle. order to ...

-In order to calculate the mean mass flux past a given recording station it is necessary to know more than the mean velocity in a fixed, vertical section. One must add an additional term--the ' Stokes velocity ' which depends also oil the time and distance scales of the fluctuating currents. In typical circumstances, where the fluctuations are larger than the mean current, the Stokes velocity m...

This paper aims to demonstrate how knowledge acquired from occupants' manual window operations can be implemented into BMS automated operation algorithms. Ten single-occupant offices were selected in a university building the UK. More than 28,000 hourly data points on indoor and outdoor temperature open area (OWA) analysed 2015 2020. The had adopted nine different algorithms during 5 years. cou...