introduction: saliva as a simple non-invasive method of gaining body fluids has been used to detect the thyroid hormones. a single method for determining these hormones has not been clearly stated in the literature. furthermore, thyroid diseases would affect the salivary glands and may compromise salivary flow. materials and methods: a comprehensive search was conducted using pubmed and medline...

Background Chronic kidney disease is a global health concern, its detection and diagnosis in earlier stages is also a great challenge that can alleviate this burden. Kidney biopsy is important to establish histopathological patterns. But, it is invasive. We aimedto evaluate the correlation of renal resistive index (RI) measured by Doppler ultrasound with the prog...

Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) is an imaging technique with gives us an opportunity to review cross sections of the body in live animals. In veterinary medicine although CT is mostly used for diagnostic purposes in small animals, but in recent years CT also has been used as a non invasive modality in non clinical studies. Jebeer Gazelle (Gazella bennettii) is one of the species of the g...

Background: Early and non-invasive determination of blood glucose level is of great importance. We aimed to present a new technique to accurately infer the blood glucose concentration in peripheral blood flow using non-invasive optical monitoring system. Methods: The data for the research were obtained from 900 individuals. Of them, 750 people had diabetes mellitus (DM). The system was ...

Software measures are of paramount importance to evaluate both processes and products. However, collecting such data requires a large effort and this activity produces benefits only in the long term. For these reasons, companies have to use automated tools able to collect data without affecting both the productivity and the process. This approach is useful to reduce the effort related to the me...

Outcomes in the management of critically ill patients may be improved using goal-directed peri-operative haemodynamic monitoring. A conservative approach may no longer be acceptable but in view of the significant morbidity associated with balloon tipped flow directed pulmonary artery catheters a non-invasive approach would be preferable. In this review we consider the different non-invasive tec...

This document represents the final report of the study " Non invasive brain-machine interfaces " performed by the Interdepartmental Research Center " E. Piaggio " of the University of Pisa within the ARIADNA framework of activities promoted by the European Space Agency (ESA). Contents of the report are organized as follows. The first part presents a literature survey on the state of the art of ...

Despite the important advances achieved in the field of adult electrocardiography signal processing, the analysis of the non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram (NI-FECG) remains a challenge. Currently no gold standard database exists which provides labelled FECG QRS complexes (and other morphological parameters), and publications rely either on proprietary databases or a very limited set of data ...

The promise of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) technology is to augment human capabilities by enabling interaction with computers through a conscious and spontaneous modulation of the brainwaves after a short training period. Indeed, by analyzing brain electrical activity online, several groups have designed brain-actuated devices that provide alternative channels for communication, entertainme...