There are many ways to report on an international meeting. In this case the meeting was-the. first World Assembly of Nongovernmental Organizations (NGO's) concerned with the Global Environment (Geneva, June 1973) the follow up to NGO meetings.in Stockholm (June 1972) and Geneva/New. York (October 1972). The approach we have chosen is to identify the actors on the scene in Geneva, whether groups...

This paper seeks to understand the role of the Internet and information and communications technology (ICT) in potential democratic movements. We propose an ecological model of technological development and democratization which recognizes that change can occur (1) at individual as well as social levels; (2) on a continuum from oppression to freedom; and (3) in multiple social spheres. Using ca...

There is scientific consensus that the global climate is changing, with rising surface temperatures, melting ice and snow, rising sea levels, and increasing climate variability. These changes are expected to have substantial impacts on human health. There are known, effective public health responses for many of these impacts, but the scope, timeline, and complexity of climate change are unprece...

Options is a magazine featuring the activities of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), located in Laxenburg, Austria. IIASA is an interdisciplinary, nongovernmental research institution sponsored by a consortium of National Member Organizations in Asia, Europe, and North America. The Institute’s research focuses on sustainability and the human dimensions of global c...

Public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS) pertains to the use of geographic information systems (GIS) to broaden public involvement in policymaking as well as to the value of GIS to promote the goals of nongovernmental organizations, grassroots groups, and community-based organizations. The article first traces the social history of PPGIS. It then argues that PPGIS has been so...

There has been an historic expectation that delivering combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) to populations affected by violent conflict is untenable due to population movement and separation of drug supplies. There is now emerging evidence that cART provision can be successful in these populations. Using examples from Médecins Sans Frontières experience in a variety of African settings and...

First, this article explores the role of international criminal trails and truth commissions in resisting narratives of collective guilt and producing a different sort of collective memory, helping the society-and the watching world-not merely recall but also re-member, that is, to reconstitute a community of humanity against which there can be crimes (hence, “crimes against humanity”), and wit...

1. The Mountains of Europe 1.1.Key Values of the Mountains 2. Sustainable Mountain Development: A New Priority 2.1.Defining Sustainable Mountain Development 2.2.Priorities from the European Intergovernmental Consultation 2.3.Priorities from the European Nongovernmental Consultation 3. Activities Connected with Sustainable Mountain Development in Europe 3.1.Initiatives Within Pan-European Instit...

While much has been written about marginalization as a structural phenomenon, there is little understanding of how the dynamics of marginalization unfold at the micro level in urban contexts. We seek to understand these micro-level marginalization processes via a comparative study of Bangalore, India, and Ronneby, Sweden. Our analysis highlights the important role that “mediators” such as gover...

This article analyzes how both the Portuguese state and civil society have addressed the AIDS issue, focusing on participation by the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transsexual community (LGBT) in the struggle against AIDS. The article begins by describing the situation of LGBT individuals in Portugal during the 1990s, when the Portuguese LGBT movement emerged and grew, and then characterizes the ...