Identifying specific aspects of peer social norms that influence adolescent substance use may assist international prevention efforts. This study examines two aggregated measures of social norms in the school setting and their predictive association with substance (alcohol, tobacco and marijuana) use 2 years later in a large cross-national population-based cohort of adolescents. The primary hyp...

In today’s global economy, a noticeable trend is that the traditional state-law-centred legal framework is increasingly challenged by self-regulatory private orders. Commercial norms, commercial arbitration and social sanctions at the international level have become important alternatives to national laws, national courts and legal sanctions at the national level. Consisting of transnational co...

background : cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in the world and the most common cancer in developing countries. pap smear is and effective tool that can prevent death due to cervical cancer . the aim of this study was to determine the factors related to doing regular pap-smear test based on the theory of planned behavior . methods : in this cross-sectional study, cond...

background: the retention rates are important factors in methadone maintenance treatment. this study was performed with aims to determine the attitude and subjective norms in methadone treatment maintenance among kohgilouyeh and boyer ahmad’s province addict who referred addiction treatment centers. methods: this research was a cross-sectional study that done among men’s addicted who are receiv...

This paper deals with Lipschitz triangular norms (t-norms). A partial answer to an open problem of Alsina, Frank and Schweizer is given with regard to strict t-norms with smooth additive generators. A new notion of local Lipschitz property for arbitrary t-norms is introduced. Some remarkable examples of non-Lipschitz continuous ones are provided.

In countries where social insurance is generous, individuals endorse relatively weak work norms; however, weaker work norms are not associated with worse economic performance, neither at the country level nor at the individual level. I develop a model of endogenous work norms that rationalizes that evidence. Weak work norms do not harm labor productivity because they improve the allocation of i...

Our study investigates the antecedents and performance implications of cooperative exchange norms. We argue that, in early relationships, the level of expected cooperative norms in an exchange is the result of a calculative process facilitated by transaction attributes: joint transaction-specific investments and observability. The greater the level of these two exchange attributes, the greater ...

In multi-agent systems, norms provide a means for regulating agent behaviour at a system or society level rather than by constraining agent behaviour directly. In order to cope effectively with scenarios in which norms conflict, agents must be able to reason about norms and the consequences of compliance and violation. In particular, in this paper we argue that, if an agent must violate a norm ...

Within- and between-nations differences in norms for experiencing emotions were analyzed in a cross-cultural study with 1,846 respondents from 2 individualistic (United States, Australia) and 2 collectivistic (China, Taiwan) countries. A multigroup latent class analysis revealed that there were both universal and culture-specific types of norms for experiencing emotions. Moreover, strong intran...