[1] Changes of the meridional overturning circulation (MOC) due to surface heat flux variability related to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) are analyzed in various ocean models, i.e., eddying and non-eddying cases. A prime signature of the forcing is variability of the winter-time convection in the Labrador Sea. The associated changes in the strength of the MOC near the subpolar front (45 ...

We present paleoclimate evidence for rapid ( < 100 years) shifts of f 2–4 jC in Chesapeake Bay (CB) temperature f2100, 1600, 950, 650, 400 and 150 years before present (years BP) reconstructed from magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) paleothermometry. These include large temperature excursions during the Little Ice Age (f1400–1900 AD) and the Medieval Warm Period (f800–1300 AD) possibly related to change...

The response of the Max-Planck Institute's ECHAM3 atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) to a prescribed decade-long positive anomaly in sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) over the North Atlantic is investigated. Two 10-year realizations of the anomaly experiment are compared against a 100-year control run of the model with seasonally varying climatological SST, using a model spatial resoluti...

The patterns of variations in fisheries time series are known to result from a complex combination of species and fisheries dynamics all coupled with environmental forcing (including climate, trophic interactions, etc.). Disentangling the relative effects of these factors has been a major goal of fisheries science for both conceptual and management reasons. By examining the variability of 169 t...

International efforts are underway to establish well-connected systems of marine protected areas (MPAs) covering at least 10% of the ocean by 2020. But the nature and dynamics of ocean ecosystem connectivity are poorly understood, with unresolved effects of climate variability. We used 40-year runs of a particle tracking model to examine the sensitivity of an MPA network for habitat-forming col...

Monthly precipitation data from the Global Historical Climatology Network for 42 stations in Morocco and its vicinity are investigated with respect to baroclinicity, storm track and cyclone activity, moisture transports, North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) variations, and different circulation types by means of correlation and composite studies. The results are related to a climate change scenario...

[1] Northern Europe was influenced by consecutive episodes of extreme winter weather at the start and end of the 2010 calendar year. A tripole pattern in North Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs), associated with an exceptionally negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), characterized both winter periods. This pattern was largely absent at the surface during the 201...

North Atlantic climate variability does not only have an influence on North Atlantic ecosystems as described in the previous chapters and by Drinkwater et al. (2003), but influences terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems across the Northern Hemisphere (Ottersen et al. 2001; Mysterud et al. 2003; Stenseth et al. 2002; Straile et al. 2003b). Its impact on freshwater ecosystems has been documented ...

The combined influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and East (EA) patterns on covariability temperatures precipitation in 35 stations Iberian Peninsula during period 1950–2019 is analysed this work. Four EA-NAO composites were defined from teleconnection patterns’ positive negative phases: EA+NAO+, EA+NAO-, EA-NAO+ EA-NAO-. Daily data maximum minimum temperature used to obtain season...

[1] Three prominent quasi-global patterns of variability and change are observed using the Met Office’s sea surface temperature (SST) analysis and almost independent night marine air temperature analysis. The first is a global warming signal that is very highly correlated with global mean SST. The second is a decadal to multidecadal fluctuation with some geographical similarity to the El Niño–S...